6.3 + 6.4 Flashcards
What’s STM?
Short-term Memory is storage that holds non-senory information for mare than a few seconds but less than a minute; can hold about 7 items
What are some ways to improve STM?
Rehearsal
Chunking
Working Memory
Define “Rehearsal”?
Process of keeping information in STM by mentally repeating it
What’s Chunking?
Combining small pieces of information into larger clusters/chunks that are more easily held in STM
What’s Working Memory?
STM storage that actively maintains information
What’s LTM?
Storage that holds information for hours, days, weeks, years, endless capacity.
In contrast to sensory and STM, LTM has no known capacity limits
What part of the brain is seen as an “index” for long-term memory storage?
Hippocampus
Define Anterograde Amnesia
Inability to transfer new information from the short-term store into the long-term store
Define Retrograde Amnesia
Inability to retrieve information that was acquired before a particular date, usually the date of an injury or operation
What’s the concept of Consolidation?
The process by which memories become stable in the brain
What’s “Reconsolidation”?
The process whereby memories can become vulnerable to disruption when they are recalled, thus requiring them to be consolidated again.
Long-Term Potentiation
A process whereby repeated communication across the synapse between neurons strengthens the connection, making further communication easier.
What are Retrieval Cues?
External information associated with stored information that helps bring that information to mind
What is the Encoding Specificity Principle?
Idea that a retrieval; cue can serve as an effective reminder when it helps recreate the specific way which information was initially encoded
What is State-dependent Retrieval?
Tendency for information to be better recalled when teh person is in the same state during encoding and retrieval
What is Transfer-appropriate Processing?
Memory is likely to transfer form one situation to another when encoding and retrieval context of the situations match
Retrieval-induced Forgetting?
Process by which retrieving an item from long-term memory impairs subsequent recall of related items (frontal lobe suppresses competing information)
What region of the brain is activated while we’re trying to recall information?
Left Frontal Lobe
the thinking process
What region is activated upon successful retrieval of information?
Hippocampus
the successful retrieval
