6/18/2023 Flashcards
Quetiapine MOA
Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in:
Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia
Quetiapine class
Second generation antipsychotic
AcipHex
Rabeprazole
Rabeprazole class
PPI
Elitek
Rasburicase
Rasburicase MOA
Rasburicase is a recombinant urate-oxidase enzyme, which converts uric acid to allantoin (a soluble metabolite of uric acid).
Rasburicase class
recombinant urate oxidase enzyme
Veklury
Remdesivir
Remdesivir MOA
Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is essential for viral replication. Remdesivir gets phosphorylated and acts as a nucleotide to get incorporated into RNA, resulting in chain termination during RNA replication.
Rifadin
Rifampin
Rifampin MOA
Inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding to the beta subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, blocking RNA transcription
Xifaxan
Rifaximin
Rifaximin MOA
Inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding to bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Risperidone MOA
Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in:
Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia
Risperidone class
Second generation antipsychotic
Rituximab MOA
Monoclonal antibody targeted against CD20 antigen on the surface of B cells. Rituximab binds to CD20 and initiates complement-dependent cytotoxicity.
Rituximab class
monoclonal antibody, anti-CD20; antirheumatic; antineoplastic
Maxalt
Rizatriptan
Rizatriptan MOA
Selective serotonin agonist at 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors in cranial arteries. Causes vasoconstriction and reduces inflammation associated with migraine.
Rizatriptan class
serotonin 5-HT1B ,1D receptor agonist
Nplate
Romiplostim
Romiplostim MOA
Thrombepoietin (TPO) peptide mimetic that increases platelet counts in ITP by binding to and activating the human TPO receptor
Romiplostim class
Colony stimulating factor; thrombopoietic agent
Ropinirole MOA
Dopamine agonist; higher affinity for D3 than D2 and D4.
Ropinirole class
anti-Parkinson agent; dopamine agonist
Senna MOA
Induces defecation by stimulating peristaltic activity on the intestine by direct action on the intestinal mucosa or nerve plexus, therefore increasing motility
Sovaldi
Sofosbuvir
Sofosbuvir MOA
Direct-acting antiviral agent against the hepatitis C virus; Inhibits HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, essential for viral replication, and acts as a chain terminator.
Sofosbuvir class
Anti-HCV polymerase inhibitor; NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitor
St. John’s Wort
Hypericum Perforatum
Sucralfate MOA
Forms a complex by binding with positively charged proteins in exudates, forming a viscous paste-like, adhesive substance. This selectively forms a protective coating that acts locally to protect the gastric lining against peptic acid, pepsin, and bile salt.
Sucralfate class
Miscellaneous GI agent
Imitrex
Sumatriptan
Sumatriptan MOA
Selective agonist for serotonin (5-HT1B and 5-HT1D) receptors on intracranial blood vessels and sensory nerves of the trigeminal system; causes vasoconstriction and reduces inflammation associated with migraine.
Sumatriptan class
serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D agonist
Prograf
Tacrolimus
Tacrolimus MOA
Binds to FKPB-12 (intracytosolic protein) resulting in decreased IL-2 production and therefore decreased T-cell production
Tacrolimus class
calcineurin inhibitor
Envarsus
Tacrolimus
Astagraf
Tacrolimus
Tamoxifen MOA
Competitively binds to estrogen receptors on tumors and other tissue targets, producing a nuclear complex that decreases DNA synthesis and inhibits estrogen effects; non-steroidal agent with potent antiestrogenic properties which compete with estrogen for binding sites in breast and other tissues.
Tamoxifen class
Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
Soltamox
Tamoxifen
Sivextro
Tedizolid
Tedizolid MOA
Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria to prevent the formation of a functional 70S complex, thereby inhibiting bacterial translation and protein synthesis
Tedizolid class
oxazolidinone
Micardis
Telmisartan
Telmisartan MOA
Angiotensin II receptor antagonist; prevents angiotensin II from binding to the receptor, thereby blocking the vasoconstriction and aldosterone secreting effects of angiotensin II.
Telmisartan class
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Tygacil
Tigecycline
Tigecycline MOA
Binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis.
Tigecycline class
Glycylcycline
Timolol MOA
Blocks both beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors; reduces blood pressure by blocking adrenergic receptors and decreasing sympathetic outflow, produces a negative chronotropic and inotropic activity.
For glaucoma, decreases production of aqueous humor.
Timolol class
non-selective beta blocker
Zanaflex
Tizanidine
Tizanidine MOA
Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist which decreases spasticity by increasing presynaptic inhibition; effects are greatest on polysynaptic pathways; overall effect is to reduce facilitation of spinal motor neurons.
Tizanidine class
Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
Topiramate MOA
Combination of mechanisms. Blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, enhances GABA activity, agonizes AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors, and weakly inhibits carbonic anhydrase.
Hycamtin
Topotecan
Topotecan MOA
Topoisomerase inhibitor; inhibits enzymes that cleave DNA strands and form intermediates with the strands during replication, producing a gap through which DNA strands can pass and then reseal the strand breaks.
Topotecan class
topoisomerase inhibitor; camptothecins
Ultram
Tramadol
Tramadol MOA
Binds to mu opiate receptors in the CNS causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways, altering perception of and response to pain; also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, which are involved in the descending inhibitory pain pathway responsible for pain relief.
Herceptin
trastuzumab
Trastuzumab MOA
Monoclonal antibody that targets EGFR/HER2, mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by inhibiting proliferation of cells which overexpress HER2.
Trastuzumab class
Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody
Travatan Z
Travoprost
Travoprost MOA
Prostanoid receptor agonist which lowers intraocular pressure by increasing outflow
Herzuma
Trastuzumab
Kantinji
Trastuzumab
Ogivri
Trastuzumab
Travoprost class
Prostaglandin
Desyrel
Trazodone
Trazodone MOA
Antagonist of the 5-HT2A receptor which allows more 5-HT to interact with 5-HT1A at postsynaptic sites; weak to moderate presynaptic alpha adrenergic inhibitor and modest antagonist of the H1 receptor
Trazodone class
Serotonin antagonist
Halcion
Triazolam
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole MOA
Sulfamethoxazole interferes with bacterial folic acid synthesis and growth via inhibition of dihydrofolic acid formation from para-aminobenzoic acid.
Trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction to tetrahydrofolate resulting in sequential inhibition of enzymes of the folic acid pathway.
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim class
Sulfonamide derivative, antibiotic
Stelara
Ustekinumab
Ustekinumab MOA
Monoclonal antibody that binds to proinflammatory cytokines, IL-12 and IL-23. Reduces NK cell activation and CD4 T cell differentiation and activation.
Ustekinumab class
Anti-IL-12 and IL-23 monoclonal antibody; antipsoriatic agent
Valacyclovir MOA
Prodrug of acyclovir. Acyclovir gets phosphorylated and incorporated into DNA. Also competes for natural substrate for viral DNA polymerase, thereby preventing DNA synthesis.
Vancocin
Vancomycin
Vancomycin MOA
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking glycopeptide polymerization through binding tightly to D-alanyl-D-alanine portion of peptidoglycan.
Vancomycin class
Glycopeptide
Venlafaxine MOA
Inhibits neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Also weakly inhibits dopamine reuptake.
Venlafaxine class
Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Velban
Vinblastine
Vinblastine MOA
Binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, thereby disrupting the formation of the mitotic spindle and stopping the cell cycle at metaphase.
Vinblastine class
Vinca alkaloid; antimicrotubular
Vincasar
Vincristine
Vincristine MOA
Binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, thereby disrupting the formation of the mitotic spindle and arresting the cell at metaphase.
Navelbine
Vinorelbine
Vinorelbine MOA
Semisynthetic vinca alkaloid that binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, thereby disrupting the formation the mitotic spindle and disrupting the cell cycle at metaphase.
Vfend
Voriconazole
Voriconazole MOA
Inhibits fungal CYP450, decreasing ergosterol synthesis and inhibiting fungal cell membrane function
Geodon
Ziprasidone
Ziprasidone MOA
Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in:
Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia
Ziprasidone class
Second generation antipsychotic
Zolpidem MOA
Enhances the activity of GABA via selective agonism at the benzodiazepine receptor. Results in increased chloride conductance, neuronal hyperpolarization, inhibition of the action potential, and decrease in neuronal excitability leading to sedative and hypnotic effects.