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Top 300 Drugs > 6/18/2023 > Flashcards

6/18/2023 Flashcards

1
Q

Quetiapine MOA

A

Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in:
Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia

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2
Q

Quetiapine class

A

Second generation antipsychotic

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3
Q

AcipHex

A

Rabeprazole

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4
Q

Rabeprazole class

A

PPI

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5
Q

Elitek

A

Rasburicase

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6
Q

Rasburicase MOA

A

Rasburicase is a recombinant urate-oxidase enzyme, which converts uric acid to allantoin (a soluble metabolite of uric acid).

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7
Q

Rasburicase class

A

recombinant urate oxidase enzyme

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8
Q

Veklury

A

Remdesivir

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9
Q

Remdesivir MOA

A

Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is essential for viral replication. Remdesivir gets phosphorylated and acts as a nucleotide to get incorporated into RNA, resulting in chain termination during RNA replication.

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10
Q

Rifadin

A

Rifampin

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11
Q

Rifampin MOA

A

Inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding to the beta subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, blocking RNA transcription

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12
Q

Xifaxan

A

Rifaximin

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13
Q

Rifaximin MOA

A

Inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding to bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

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14
Q

Risperidone MOA

A

Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in:
Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia

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15
Q

Risperidone class

A

Second generation antipsychotic

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16
Q

Rituximab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody targeted against CD20 antigen on the surface of B cells. Rituximab binds to CD20 and initiates complement-dependent cytotoxicity.

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17
Q

Rituximab class

A

monoclonal antibody, anti-CD20; antirheumatic; antineoplastic

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18
Q

Maxalt

A

Rizatriptan

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19
Q

Rizatriptan MOA

A

Selective serotonin agonist at 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors in cranial arteries. Causes vasoconstriction and reduces inflammation associated with migraine.

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20
Q

Rizatriptan class

A

serotonin 5-HT1B ,1D receptor agonist

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21
Q

Nplate

A

Romiplostim

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22
Q

Romiplostim MOA

A

Thrombepoietin (TPO) peptide mimetic that increases platelet counts in ITP by binding to and activating the human TPO receptor

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23
Q

Romiplostim class

A

Colony stimulating factor; thrombopoietic agent

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24
Q

Ropinirole MOA

A

Dopamine agonist; higher affinity for D3 than D2 and D4.

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25
Q

Ropinirole class

A

anti-Parkinson agent; dopamine agonist

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26
Q

Senna MOA

A

Induces defecation by stimulating peristaltic activity on the intestine by direct action on the intestinal mucosa or nerve plexus, therefore increasing motility

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27
Q

Sovaldi

A

Sofosbuvir

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28
Q

Sofosbuvir MOA

A

Direct-acting antiviral agent against the hepatitis C virus; Inhibits HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, essential for viral replication, and acts as a chain terminator.

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29
Q

Sofosbuvir class

A

Anti-HCV polymerase inhibitor; NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitor

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30
Q

St. John’s Wort

A

Hypericum Perforatum

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31
Q

Sucralfate MOA

A

Forms a complex by binding with positively charged proteins in exudates, forming a viscous paste-like, adhesive substance. This selectively forms a protective coating that acts locally to protect the gastric lining against peptic acid, pepsin, and bile salt.

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32
Q

Sucralfate class

A

Miscellaneous GI agent

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33
Q

Imitrex

A

Sumatriptan

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34
Q

Sumatriptan MOA

A

Selective agonist for serotonin (5-HT1B and 5-HT1D) receptors on intracranial blood vessels and sensory nerves of the trigeminal system; causes vasoconstriction and reduces inflammation associated with migraine.

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35
Q

Sumatriptan class

A

serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D agonist

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36
Q

Prograf

A

Tacrolimus

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37
Q

Tacrolimus MOA

A

Binds to FKPB-12 (intracytosolic protein) resulting in decreased IL-2 production and therefore decreased T-cell production

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38
Q

Tacrolimus class

A

calcineurin inhibitor

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39
Q

Envarsus

A

Tacrolimus

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40
Q

Astagraf

A

Tacrolimus

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41
Q

Tamoxifen MOA

A

Competitively binds to estrogen receptors on tumors and other tissue targets, producing a nuclear complex that decreases DNA synthesis and inhibits estrogen effects; non-steroidal agent with potent antiestrogenic properties which compete with estrogen for binding sites in breast and other tissues.

42
Q

Tamoxifen class

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

43
Q

Soltamox

A

Tamoxifen

44
Q

Sivextro

A

Tedizolid

45
Q

Tedizolid MOA

A

Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria to prevent the formation of a functional 70S complex, thereby inhibiting bacterial translation and protein synthesis

46
Q

Tedizolid class

A

oxazolidinone

47
Q

Micardis

A

Telmisartan

48
Q

Telmisartan MOA

A

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist; prevents angiotensin II from binding to the receptor, thereby blocking the vasoconstriction and aldosterone secreting effects of angiotensin II.

49
Q

Telmisartan class

A

Angiotensin II receptor blocker

50
Q

Tygacil

A

Tigecycline

51
Q

Tigecycline MOA

A

Binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis.

52
Q

Tigecycline class

A

Glycylcycline

53
Q

Timolol MOA

A

Blocks both beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors; reduces blood pressure by blocking adrenergic receptors and decreasing sympathetic outflow, produces a negative chronotropic and inotropic activity.

For glaucoma, decreases production of aqueous humor.

54
Q

Timolol class

A

non-selective beta blocker

55
Q

Zanaflex

A

Tizanidine

56
Q

Tizanidine MOA

A

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist which decreases spasticity by increasing presynaptic inhibition; effects are greatest on polysynaptic pathways; overall effect is to reduce facilitation of spinal motor neurons.

57
Q

Tizanidine class

A

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist

58
Q

Topiramate MOA

A

Combination of mechanisms. Blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, enhances GABA activity, agonizes AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors, and weakly inhibits carbonic anhydrase.

59
Q

Hycamtin

A

Topotecan

60
Q

Topotecan MOA

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor; inhibits enzymes that cleave DNA strands and form intermediates with the strands during replication, producing a gap through which DNA strands can pass and then reseal the strand breaks.

61
Q

Topotecan class

A

topoisomerase inhibitor; camptothecins

62
Q

Ultram

A

Tramadol

63
Q

Tramadol MOA

A

Binds to mu opiate receptors in the CNS causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways, altering perception of and response to pain; also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, which are involved in the descending inhibitory pain pathway responsible for pain relief.

64
Q

Herceptin

A

trastuzumab

65
Q

Trastuzumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody that targets EGFR/HER2, mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by inhibiting proliferation of cells which overexpress HER2.

66
Q

Trastuzumab class

A

Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody

67
Q

Travatan Z

A

Travoprost

68
Q

Travoprost MOA

A

Prostanoid receptor agonist which lowers intraocular pressure by increasing outflow

69
Q

Herzuma

A

Trastuzumab

70
Q

Kantinji

A

Trastuzumab

71
Q

Ogivri

A

Trastuzumab

72
Q

Travoprost class

A

Prostaglandin

73
Q

Desyrel

A

Trazodone

74
Q

Trazodone MOA

A

Antagonist of the 5-HT2A receptor which allows more 5-HT to interact with 5-HT1A at postsynaptic sites; weak to moderate presynaptic alpha adrenergic inhibitor and modest antagonist of the H1 receptor

75
Q

Trazodone class

A

Serotonin antagonist

76
Q

Halcion

A

Triazolam

77
Q

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole MOA

A

Sulfamethoxazole interferes with bacterial folic acid synthesis and growth via inhibition of dihydrofolic acid formation from para-aminobenzoic acid.

Trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction to tetrahydrofolate resulting in sequential inhibition of enzymes of the folic acid pathway.

78
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim class

A

Sulfonamide derivative, antibiotic

79
Q

Stelara

A

Ustekinumab

80
Q

Ustekinumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody that binds to proinflammatory cytokines, IL-12 and IL-23. Reduces NK cell activation and CD4 T cell differentiation and activation.

81
Q

Ustekinumab class

A

Anti-IL-12 and IL-23 monoclonal antibody; antipsoriatic agent

82
Q

Valacyclovir MOA

A

Prodrug of acyclovir. Acyclovir gets phosphorylated and incorporated into DNA. Also competes for natural substrate for viral DNA polymerase, thereby preventing DNA synthesis.

83
Q

Vancocin

A

Vancomycin

84
Q

Vancomycin MOA

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking glycopeptide polymerization through binding tightly to D-alanyl-D-alanine portion of peptidoglycan.

85
Q

Vancomycin class

A

Glycopeptide

86
Q

Venlafaxine MOA

A

Inhibits neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Also weakly inhibits dopamine reuptake.

87
Q

Venlafaxine class

A

Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

88
Q

Velban

A

Vinblastine

89
Q

Vinblastine MOA

A

Binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, thereby disrupting the formation of the mitotic spindle and stopping the cell cycle at metaphase.

90
Q

Vinblastine class

A

Vinca alkaloid; antimicrotubular

91
Q

Vincasar

A

Vincristine

92
Q

Vincristine MOA

A

Binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, thereby disrupting the formation of the mitotic spindle and arresting the cell at metaphase.

93
Q

Navelbine

A

Vinorelbine

94
Q

Vinorelbine MOA

A

Semisynthetic vinca alkaloid that binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, thereby disrupting the formation the mitotic spindle and disrupting the cell cycle at metaphase.

95
Q

Vfend

A

Voriconazole

96
Q

Voriconazole MOA

A

Inhibits fungal CYP450, decreasing ergosterol synthesis and inhibiting fungal cell membrane function

97
Q

Geodon

A

Ziprasidone

98
Q

Ziprasidone MOA

A

Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in:
Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia

99
Q

Ziprasidone class

A

Second generation antipsychotic

100
Q

Zolpidem MOA

A

Enhances the activity of GABA via selective agonism at the benzodiazepine receptor. Results in increased chloride conductance, neuronal hyperpolarization, inhibition of the action potential, and decrease in neuronal excitability leading to sedative and hypnotic effects.

Top 300 Drugs (9 decks)

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