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Top 300 Drugs > 6/13/2023 > Flashcards

6/13/2023 Flashcards

1
Q

Dexamethasone MOA

A

Long-acting corticosteroid with minimal sodium-retaining potential. It decreases inflammation by suppression of neutrophil migration, decreased production of inflammatory mediators, and reversal of increased capillary permeability; suppresses normal immune response.

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2
Q

Dexamethasone class

A

corticosteroid

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3
Q

Valium

A

Diazepam

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4
Q

Dicyclomine MOA

A

Blocks the action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscle, secretory glands, and CNS

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5
Q

Dicyclomine class

A

Anticholinergic agent

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6
Q

Diphenoxylate/atropine MOA

A

Diphenoxylate - inhibits excessive GI motility and GI propulsion

Atropine - a subtherapeutic amount is used to discourage abuse

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7
Q

Diphenoxylate/atropine class

A

Antidiarrheal

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8
Q

Depakote

A

Divalproex

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9
Q

Divalproex MOA

A

Causes increased availability of GABA to neurons, or may enhance the action of GABA or mimic its action at postsynaptic receptor sites. Also blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels, which results in suppression of high-frequency repetitive neuronal firing.

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10
Q

Divalproex class

A

Antiseizure agent, antimanic agent

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11
Q

Taxotere

A

Docetaxel

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12
Q

Docetaxel MOA

A

Promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers, and inhibits the depolymerization of tubulin which stabilizes the microtubules in the cell. Results in inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. Most activity occurs during M phase of the cell cycle.

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13
Q

Docetaxel class

A

Antimicrotubular, taxane (antineoplastic)

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14
Q

Aricept

A

Donepezil

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15
Q

Donepezil MOA

A

Reversibly and non-competitively inhibits centrally active acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine. Results in increased concentrations of acetylcholine available for synaptic transmission.

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16
Q

Donepezil class

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

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17
Q

Doxil

A

Doxorubicin

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18
Q

Adriamycin

A

Doxorubicin

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19
Q

Doxorubicin MOA

A

Inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by intercalating between DNA base pairs, by inhibition of topoisomerase II, and by steric obstruction. Also chelates iron, and the complex can bind DNA and cell membranes and produce free radicals that immediately cleave DNA and cell membranes.

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20
Q

Doxorubicin class

A

Anthracycline; topoisomerase II inhibitor (antineoplastic)

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21
Q

Vibramycin

A

Doxycycline

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22
Q

Doxycycline MOA

A

Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S, and possibly the 50S ribosomal subunits of bacteria

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23
Q

Doxycycline class

A

tetracycline

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24
Q

Cymbalta

A

Duloxetine

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25
Q

Duloxetine MOA

A

Inhibitor of neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and a weak inhibitor of dopamine reuptake.

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26
Q

Duloxetine class

A

Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

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27
Q

Relpax

A

Eletriptan

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28
Q

Eletriptan MOA

A

Selective agonist for serotonin (5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, and 5-HT1F receptors) in cranial arteries; causes vasoconstriction and reduces inflammation associated with neuronal transmission, correlating with relief of migraine.

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29
Q

Eletriptan class

A

Serotonin 5-HT1B, 1D receptor agonist (antimigraine agent)

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30
Q

Baraclude

A

Entecavir

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31
Q

Entecavir MOA

A

Intracellularly phosphorylated and competes with natural substrates to effectively inhibit hepatitis B viral polymerase; enzyme inhibition blocks reverse transcriptase activity, thereby reducing viral DNA synthesis.

32
Q

Entecavir class

A

Reverse transcriptase inhibitor, nucleoside (anti-HBV)

33
Q

Epogen

34
Q

Procrit

35
Q

Epoetin MOA

A

Induces erythropoiesis by stimulating division and differentiation of committed erythroid progenitor cells; induces release of reticulocytes from bone marrow into the bloodstream, where they mature into erythrocytes.

36
Q

Epoetin class

A

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA); colony stimulating factor

37
Q

Xerava

A

Eravacycline

38
Q

Eravacycline MOA

A

Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents incorporation of amino acid residues into elongating peptide chains, thereby inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis

39
Q

Eravacycline class

A

Tetracycline derivative

40
Q

Erythrocyin

A

Erythromycin

41
Q

Erythromycin MOA

A

Binds to 50S ribosomal subunit resulting in blockage of transpeptidation, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis

42
Q

Erythromycin class

43
Q

Lexapro

A

Escitalopram

44
Q

Escitalopram MOA

A

Inhibits the reuptake of serotonin with little to no effect on norepinephrine or dopamine reuptake.

45
Q

Escitalopram class

46
Q

Nexium

A

Esomeprazole

47
Q

Esomeprazole MOA

A

Suppresses gastric acid secretion by inhibition of the H+/K+-ATPase in the gastric parietal cell

48
Q

Esomeprazole class

A

proton pump inhibitor

49
Q

Enbrel

A

Etanercept

50
Q

Etanercept MOA

A

Recombinant protein composed of TNF receptor linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1. Binds to TNF and blocks its interaction with cell surface receptors.

51
Q

Etanercept class

A

Biologic DMARD (anti-TNF)

52
Q

NuvaRing

A

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel ring

53
Q

NuvaRing MOA

A

Combination hormonal contraceptives that inhibit ovulation via negative feedback on the hypothalamus, which alters the normal pattern of gonadotropin secretion of a follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone by the anterior pituitary….

54
Q

VP16

55
Q

Etoposide MOA

A

Topoisomerase II inhibitor and appears to cause DNA strand breaks

56
Q

Etoposide class

A

Podophyllotoxin derivative, topoisomerase II inhibitor

57
Q

Famotidine MOA

A

Competitive inhibition of histamine at H2 receptors of the gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric acid secretion

58
Q

Famotidine class

A

Histamine H2 blocker

59
Q

Uloric

A

Febuxostat

60
Q

Febuxostat MOA

A

Selectively inhibits xanthine oxidase, therefore inhibiting the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and uric acid.

61
Q

Febuxostat class

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

62
Q

Sublimaze

63
Q

Fentanyl MOA

A

Binds with stereospecific receptors at many sites within the CNS, increases pain threshold, alters pain reception, and inhibits ascending pain pathways

64
Q

Fentanyl class

A

opioid analgesic

65
Q

Duragesic

A

Fentanyl transdermal

66
Q

Dificid

A

Fidaxomycin

67
Q

Fidaxomycin MOA

A

Inhibits RNA polymerase sigma subunit resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death in susceptible organisms including C. diff

68
Q

Fidaxomycin class

A

Macrolide antibiotic

69
Q

Diflucan

A

Fluconazole

70
Q

Fluconazole MOA

A

Interferes with fungal cytochrome P450 activity, decreasing ergosterol synthesis, and inhibiting cell membrane formation

71
Q

Fluconazole class

A

azole antifungal

72
Q

Fludara

A

Fludarabine

73
Q

Fludarabine MOA

A

Fludarabine is an adenine analogue that interferes with DNA polymerase, causing chain termination and incorporates into RNA, resulting in inhibition of transcription.

74
Q

Fludarabine class

A

Antimetabolite (purine analog) antineoplastic

75
Q

Adrucil

A

Fluorouracil (5-FU)

76
Q

Fluorouracil MOA

A

Active metabolite F-dUMP inhibits thymidylate synthase preventing the synthesis of thymidine needed for DNA synthesis

The triphosphate metabolite is incorporated into RNA as a false base and interferes with its function

77
Q

Fluorouracil class

A

Antimetabolite (pyrimidine analog)

Top 300 Drugs (9 decks)

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