6/12/2023 Flashcards
Platinol
Cisplatin
Cisplatin MOA
Inhibits DNA synthesis by formation of DNA cross-links; denatures the double helix; covalently binds to DNA bases and disrupts DNA function.
Cisplatin class
Antineoplastic alkylating agent
Citalopram MOA
Selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake in the presynaptic neurons and has minimal effects on norepinephrine and dopamine.
Citalopram class
SSRI
Leustatin
Cladribine
Cladribine MOA
Purine nucleoside analogue; gets phosphorylated, incorporates into DNA, resulting in the breakage of DNA strand to stop DNA synthesis and repair. Cell cycle non-specific.
Cladribine class
Antimetabolite (antineoplastic)
Biaxin
Clarithromycin
Clarithromycin MOA
Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis.
Clarithromycin class
Macrolide antibiotic
Cleocin
Clindamycin
Clindamycin class
Lincosamide antibiotic
Clindamycin MOA
Reversibly binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation and inhibiting bacterial proteins synthesis
Onfi
Clobazam
Clobazam MOA
Long-acting benzodiazepine. Binds to benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA neuron, enhancing the inhibitory effect of GABA on neuronal excitability, resulting in increased neuronal membrane permeability to chloride ions.
Clobazam class
Benzodiazepine
Catapres
Clonidine
Clonidine class
alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
Clonidine MOA
Stimulates alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the brain stem, activating an inhibitory neuron, resulting in reduced sympathetic outflow from the CNS, producing a decrease in peripheral resistance, renal vascular resistance, heart rate, and blood pressure.
For ADHD, mechanism is unknown; it may regulate subcortical activity in the prefrontal cortex, the area of the brain responsible for emotions, attention, and behaviors, causing less hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and distractibility.
Codeine class
Opioid analgesic
Codeine MOA
binds to opioid receptors in the CNS, causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways, altering the perception of and response to pain.
Cytoxan
Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide MOA
Alkylating agent; prevents cell division by cross-linking DNA strands and decreasing DNA synthesis. Cell cycle non-specific.
Cyclophosphamide class
Alkylating agent (antineoplastic)
Sandimmune
Cyclosporine
Cyclosporine MOA
Inhibition of production and release of IL-2 and inhibits IL-2-induced activation of resting T-cells
Cyclosporine class
Calcineurin inhibitor
Ara-C
Cytarabine
Cytarabine MOA
Pyrimidine analog, which gets incorporated into DNA. Primary action is inhibition of DNA polymerase, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and repair. Specific for S phase of the cell cycle.
Cytarabine class
Pyrimidine analog antimetabolite (antineoplastic)
Dalvance
Dalbavancin
Dalbavancin MOA
Lipoglycopeptide which binds to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of peptidoglycan, preventing cross-linking and interfering with cell wall synthesis.
Dalbavancin class
Lipoglycopeptide
Farxiga
Dapagliflozin
Dapagliflozin MOA
Inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal renal tubules, reducing reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen and lowers the renal threshold for glucose. This results in increased renal excretion of glucose, thereby reducing plasma glucose concentrations.
Also reduces sodium reabsorption, which may decrease cardiac preload/afterload, downregulate sympathetic activity, and decrease intraglomerular pressure.
Dapagliflozin class
SGLT2 inhibitor
Cubicin
Daptomycin
Daptomycin MOA
Binds to components of the cell membrane of susceptible organisms and causes rapid depolarization, inhibiting intracellular synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein.
Daptomycin class
cyclic lipopeptide
Darzalex
Daratumumab
Daratumumab class
anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (antineoplastic)
Daratumumab MOA
Antibody directed against CD38. CD38 is a cell surface glycoprotein which is highly expressed in myeloma cells, but expressed at low levels on normal lymphoid and myeloid cells.
Aranesp
Darbepoetin
Darbepoetin MOA
Induces erythropoiesis by stimulating the division and differentiation of committed erythroid progenitor cells; induces release of reticulocytes from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, where they mature into erythrocytes.
Darbepoetin class
Colony stimulating factor; erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA)
Cerubidine
Daunorubicin
Daunorubicin MOA
Inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by intercalation between DNA base pairs by steric obstruction. Also inhibits DNA repair by inhibiting topoisomerase II.
Daunorubicin class
Anthracycline; topoisomerase inhibitor (antineoplastic)
Vyxeos
Daunorubicin liposomal/cytarabine liposomal
Daunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal MOA
Daunorubicin inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by intercalating between DNA base pairs and causes steric obstruction. It also inhibits topoisomerase II.
Cytarabine is a pyrimidine analog, which gets incorporated into DNA and inhibits DNA polymerase, causing decreased DNA synthesis and repair.
Firmagon
Degarelix
Degarelix MOA
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist which reversibly binds to GnRH receptors in the anterior pituitary gland, blocking the receptor and decreasing the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), resulting in rapid androgen deprivation by decreasing testosterone production.
Degarelix class
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (antineoplastic)
Prolia
Denosumab
Xgeva
Denosumab
Denosumab class
Bone-modifying agent
Denosumab MOA
Monoclonal antibody with affinity for nuclear factor-kappa ligand (RANKL). Denosumab binds to RANKL, blocks the interaction between RANKL and RANK, and prevents osteoclast formation, leading to decreased bone resorption and increased bone mass in osteoporosis. In solid tumors with bony metastases, denosumab decreases osteoclastic activity, leading to decreased skeletal-related events and tumor-induced bone destruction.
