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Top 300 Drugs > 6/12/2023 > Flashcards

6/12/2023 Flashcards

1
Q

Platinol

A

Cisplatin

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2
Q

Cisplatin MOA

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis by formation of DNA cross-links; denatures the double helix; covalently binds to DNA bases and disrupts DNA function.

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3
Q

Cisplatin class

A

Antineoplastic alkylating agent

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4
Q

Citalopram MOA

A

Selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake in the presynaptic neurons and has minimal effects on norepinephrine and dopamine.

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5
Q

Citalopram class

A

SSRI

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6
Q

Leustatin

A

Cladribine

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7
Q

Cladribine MOA

A

Purine nucleoside analogue; gets phosphorylated, incorporates into DNA, resulting in the breakage of DNA strand to stop DNA synthesis and repair. Cell cycle non-specific.

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8
Q

Cladribine class

A

Antimetabolite (antineoplastic)

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9
Q

Biaxin

A

Clarithromycin

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10
Q

Clarithromycin MOA

A

Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis.

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11
Q

Clarithromycin class

A

Macrolide antibiotic

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12
Q

Cleocin

A

Clindamycin

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13
Q

Clindamycin class

A

Lincosamide antibiotic

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14
Q

Clindamycin MOA

A

Reversibly binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation and inhibiting bacterial proteins synthesis

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15
Q

Onfi

A

Clobazam

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16
Q

Clobazam MOA

A

Long-acting benzodiazepine. Binds to benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA neuron, enhancing the inhibitory effect of GABA on neuronal excitability, resulting in increased neuronal membrane permeability to chloride ions.

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17
Q

Clobazam class

A

Benzodiazepine

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18
Q

Catapres

A

Clonidine

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19
Q

Clonidine class

A

alpha-2 adrenergic agonist

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20
Q

Clonidine MOA

A

Stimulates alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the brain stem, activating an inhibitory neuron, resulting in reduced sympathetic outflow from the CNS, producing a decrease in peripheral resistance, renal vascular resistance, heart rate, and blood pressure.

For ADHD, mechanism is unknown; it may regulate subcortical activity in the prefrontal cortex, the area of the brain responsible for emotions, attention, and behaviors, causing less hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and distractibility.

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21
Q

Codeine class

A

Opioid analgesic

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22
Q

Codeine MOA

A

binds to opioid receptors in the CNS, causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways, altering the perception of and response to pain.

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23
Q

Cytoxan

A

Cyclophosphamide

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24
Q

Cyclophosphamide MOA

A

Alkylating agent; prevents cell division by cross-linking DNA strands and decreasing DNA synthesis. Cell cycle non-specific.

25
Q

Cyclophosphamide class

A

Alkylating agent (antineoplastic)

26
Q

Sandimmune

A

Cyclosporine

27
Q

Cyclosporine MOA

A

Inhibition of production and release of IL-2 and inhibits IL-2-induced activation of resting T-cells

28
Q

Cyclosporine class

A

Calcineurin inhibitor

29
Q

Ara-C

A

Cytarabine

30
Q

Cytarabine MOA

A

Pyrimidine analog, which gets incorporated into DNA. Primary action is inhibition of DNA polymerase, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and repair. Specific for S phase of the cell cycle.

31
Q

Cytarabine class

A

Pyrimidine analog antimetabolite (antineoplastic)

32
Q

Dalvance

A

Dalbavancin

33
Q

Dalbavancin MOA

A

Lipoglycopeptide which binds to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of peptidoglycan, preventing cross-linking and interfering with cell wall synthesis.

34
Q

Dalbavancin class

A

Lipoglycopeptide

35
Q

Farxiga

A

Dapagliflozin

36
Q

Dapagliflozin MOA

A

Inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal renal tubules, reducing reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen and lowers the renal threshold for glucose. This results in increased renal excretion of glucose, thereby reducing plasma glucose concentrations.

Also reduces sodium reabsorption, which may decrease cardiac preload/afterload, downregulate sympathetic activity, and decrease intraglomerular pressure.

37
Q

Dapagliflozin class

A

SGLT2 inhibitor

38
Q

Cubicin

A

Daptomycin

39
Q

Daptomycin MOA

A

Binds to components of the cell membrane of susceptible organisms and causes rapid depolarization, inhibiting intracellular synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein.

40
Q

Daptomycin class

A

cyclic lipopeptide

41
Q

Darzalex

A

Daratumumab

42
Q

Daratumumab class

A

anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (antineoplastic)

43
Q

Daratumumab MOA

A

Antibody directed against CD38. CD38 is a cell surface glycoprotein which is highly expressed in myeloma cells, but expressed at low levels on normal lymphoid and myeloid cells.

44
Q

Aranesp

A

Darbepoetin

45
Q

Darbepoetin MOA

A

Induces erythropoiesis by stimulating the division and differentiation of committed erythroid progenitor cells; induces release of reticulocytes from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, where they mature into erythrocytes.

46
Q

Darbepoetin class

A

Colony stimulating factor; erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA)

47
Q

Cerubidine

A

Daunorubicin

48
Q

Daunorubicin MOA

A

Inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by intercalation between DNA base pairs by steric obstruction. Also inhibits DNA repair by inhibiting topoisomerase II.

49
Q

Daunorubicin class

A

Anthracycline; topoisomerase inhibitor (antineoplastic)

50
Q

Vyxeos

A

Daunorubicin liposomal/cytarabine liposomal

51
Q

Daunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal MOA

A

Daunorubicin inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by intercalating between DNA base pairs and causes steric obstruction. It also inhibits topoisomerase II.

Cytarabine is a pyrimidine analog, which gets incorporated into DNA and inhibits DNA polymerase, causing decreased DNA synthesis and repair.

52
Q

Firmagon

A

Degarelix

53
Q

Degarelix MOA

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist which reversibly binds to GnRH receptors in the anterior pituitary gland, blocking the receptor and decreasing the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), resulting in rapid androgen deprivation by decreasing testosterone production.

54
Q

Degarelix class

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (antineoplastic)

55
Q

Prolia

A

Denosumab

56
Q

Xgeva

A

Denosumab

57
Q

Denosumab class

A

Bone-modifying agent

58
Q

Denosumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody with affinity for nuclear factor-kappa ligand (RANKL). Denosumab binds to RANKL, blocks the interaction between RANKL and RANK, and prevents osteoclast formation, leading to decreased bone resorption and increased bone mass in osteoporosis. In solid tumors with bony metastases, denosumab decreases osteoclastic activity, leading to decreased skeletal-related events and tumor-induced bone destruction.

Top 300 Drugs (9 decks)

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