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Top 300 Drugs > 6/17/2023 > Flashcards

6/17/2023 Flashcards

1
Q

Avelox

A

Moxifloxacin

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2
Q

Moxifloxacin MOA

A

Inhibits DNA gyrase, the enzyme that maintains the superhelical structure of DNA. Therefore, the drug inhibits DNA replication and transcription, DNA repair, recombination, and transposition.

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3
Q

Moxifloxacin class

A

Fluoroquinolone

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4
Q

CellCept

A

Mycophenolate

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5
Q

Mycophenolate class

A

immunosuppressant; antiproliferative agent

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6
Q

Mycophenolate MOA

A

Inhibitor of IMPDH, which is an enzyme responsible for cell proliferation, specific to B and T cells

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7
Q

Vivitrol

A

Naltrexone

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8
Q

Naltrexone MOA

A

Opioid antagonist - similar in structure to naloxone. Competitive antagonist against opioid receptor sites, shows highest affinity for mu receptors. Endogenous opioids are involved in modulating the expression of alcohol’s reinforcing effects.

Also modifies the HPA axis to suppress alcohol consumption.

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9
Q

Naproxen MOA

A

COX inhibition (non-selective); decreases prostaglandin synthesis

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10
Q

Macrobid

A

Nitrofurantoin

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11
Q

Nitrofurantoin MOA

A

Reduced by bacteria flavoproteins to reactivate intermediates and inactivate or alter bacterial ribosomal proteins, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis, aerobic energy metabolism, DNA, RNA, and cell wall synthesis.

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12
Q

Opdivo

A

Nivolumab

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13
Q

Nivolumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) activity by binding to PD-1 receptor and blocking the ligands PDL-1 and PDL-2 from binding. Results in reversal of T-cell suppression and induction of immune antitumor responses.

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14
Q

Pamelor

A

Notriptyline

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15
Q

Nortriptyline MOA

A

Inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the CNS. Also inhibits activity of histamine and acetylcholine.

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16
Q

Nivolumab class

A

Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (antineoplastic)

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17
Q

Nortriptyline class

A

tricyclic antidepressant

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18
Q

Bio-Statin

A

Nystatin

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19
Q

Nystatin MOA

A

Binds to sterols in the fungal cell membrane, changing the cell wall permeability and allowing for leakage of cellular contents.

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20
Q

Nystatin class

A

antifungal

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21
Q

Gazyva

A

Obinutuzumab

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22
Q

Obinutuzumab MOA

A

monoclonal antibody that targets CD20 antigen on B-cells and mediates cell lysis

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23
Q

Obinutuzumab class

A

Anti-CD20 antineoplastic agent

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24
Q

Ocrevus

A

Ocrelizumab

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25
Q

Ocrelizumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody directed against CD-20 expressing B cells, leading to cell-mediated phagocytosis and cytotoxicity. Less B cells leads to less production of autoantibodies and cytokines responsible for damage to myelin.

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26
Q

Ocrelizumab class

A

Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody

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27
Q

Sandostatin

A

Octreotide

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28
Q

Octreotide MOA

A

Mimics natural somatostatin by inhibiting serotonin release and the secretion of gastrin, VIP, insulin, glucagon, secretin, motilin, and pancreatic polypeptide.

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29
Q

Octreotide class

A

Antidiarrheal; somatostatin analog

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30
Q

Arzerra

A

Ofatumumab

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31
Q

Ofatumumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody against CD20 on B cells, resulting in B cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity in cells that overexpress CD20.

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32
Q

Ofatumumab class

A

Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody

33
Q

Olanzapine MOA

A

Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in:
Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS
Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia

34
Q

Olanzapine class

A

second generation antipsychotic

35
Q

Ondansetron MOA

A

Selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that blocks serotonin, both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone

36
Q

Tamiflu

A

Oseltamivir

37
Q

Oseltamivir MOA

A

Inhibits influenza virus neuraminidase, the enzyme that cleaves the budding viral progeny from its cellular envelope attachment point prior to release

38
Q

Oseltamivir class

A

Antiviral; neuraminidase inhibitor

39
Q

Eloxatin

A

Oxaliplatin

40
Q

Oxaliplatin MOA

A

Alkylating agent; binds to DNA to form cross-links which inhibit DNA replication and transcription, resulting in cell death. Cell cycle nonspecific.

41
Q

Oxaliplatin class

A

alkylating agent

42
Q

Trileptal

A

Oxcarbazepine

43
Q

Oxcarbazepine MOA

A

Sodium channel blocker

44
Q

Oxcarbazepine class

A

Narrow spectrum antiepileptic drug

45
Q

Taxol

A

Paclitaxel

46
Q

Abraxane

A

Paclitaxel

47
Q

Paclitaxel MOA

A

Promotes microtubule assembly by inducing tubulin polymerization. Results in inappropriately stable, non-functional microtubules and prevents their disassembly. This disrupts mitosis and other cellular functions.

Inhibits angiogenesis.

48
Q

Paclitaxel class

A

Taxane

49
Q

Aredia

A

Pamidronate

50
Q

Pamidronate MOA

A

Inhibits bone resorption by disrupting osteoclast activity

51
Q

Pamidronate class

A

Bisphosphonate derivative

52
Q

Neulasta

A

Pegfilgrastim

53
Q

Ziextenzo

A

Pegfilgrastim

54
Q

Fulphila

A

Pegfilgrastim

55
Q

Pegfilgrastim MOA

A

Stimulates production, maturation, and activation of neutrophils and activates neutrophils to increase their migration and cytotoxicity.

56
Q

Pegfilgrastim class

A

colony stimulating factor

57
Q

Plegridy

A

Peginterferon Beta-1A

58
Q

Peginterferon Beta-1A MOA

A

Alters expression and response to surface antigens and can enhance immune cell activities.

59
Q

Peginterferon Beta-1A class

A

Biologic response modulator; interferon

60
Q

Keytruda

A

Pembrolizumab

61
Q

Pembrolizumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) activity by binding to PD-1 receptor and blocking the ligands PDL-1 and PDL-2 from binding. Results in reversal of T-cell suppression and induction of immune antitumor responses.

62
Q

Pembrolizumab class

A

Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody

63
Q

Luminal

A

Phenobarbital

64
Q

Phenobarbital MOA

A

Long-acting barbiturate with sedative, hypnotic, and antiseizure activity. GABA agonist.

65
Q

Phenobarbital class

A

Barbiturate; broad spectrum antiepileptic drug

66
Q

Dilantin

A

Phenytoin

67
Q

Phenytoin MOA

A

Sodium channel blocker

68
Q

Phenytoin class

A

Narrow spectrum antiepileptic drug

69
Q

Polyethylene glycol 3350 MOA

A

Osmotic agent; causes water retention in the stool.

70
Q

Mirapex

A

Pramipexole

71
Q

Pramipexole MOA

A

Non-ergot dopamine agonist. Stimulates dopamine activity on the nerves of the striatum and substantia nigra.

72
Q

Pramipexole class

A

Dopamine agonist; anti-Parkinson agent

73
Q

Deltasone

A

Prednisone

74
Q

Pregabalin MOA

A

Binds to alpha-2-delta subunit of voltage gated calcium channels in the CNS and modulates calcium influx at the nerve terminals, thereby inhibiting excitatory neurotransmitter release.

75
Q

Pregabalin class

A

GABA analog; narrow spectrum antiepileptic drug

76
Q

Compazine

A

Prochlorperazine

76
Q

Compazine

A

Prochlorperazine

77
Q

Prochlorperazine MOA

A

Blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic receptors in the brain. Exhibits strong alpha-adrenergic and anticholinergic blocking effect and depresses the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones.

78
Q

Prochlorperazine class

A

Antiemetic; first generation antipsychotic

Top 300 Drugs (9 decks)

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