5th Grade - SCIENCE - Chapter 4 quiz Flashcards
Energy that an object has because of its position or condition
potential energy
Energy that an object has because of its motion
kinetic energy
The total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance is its _____
thermal energy
This is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
temperature
the amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius is called ____
calorie
This occurs when particles in a substance move faster and occupy a larger space without chaining to another state of matter
thermal expansion
A large pot of water on a stove is heated by ____
convection
A metal spoon in a cup of hot chocolate is heated by _____
conduction
Any substance that releases energy when it burns is called _____
fuel
Energy has many _____
forms
Bread being toasted in a toaster is called _____
radiation
Heat that occurs when the particles of a substance carry thermal energy as they move from one place to another in a curricular mouton
convection
Heat that occurs when there are no particles to carry the energy
radiation
Heat that occurs when the particles of a substance bump into each other
conduction
Heat that usually occurs in liquids and gases
convection
Heat that usually occurs in solids
conduction
Heat that can travel through space from the sun to the earth
radiation
This term describes the ability to work
energy
What scientific term is used to measure temperature?
thermometer
Which temperature scale do most scientists use?
Celsius Scale
Do most substances expand or contract when heated?
expand
There are 2 cups of water – 1 is 14 degrees Celsius and the other is 100 degrees Celsius. Which one has more thermal energy?
The one with 100 degrees Celsius because it is hotter. The amount of thermal energy in a substance depends on the temperature and mass of that substance.
______ is the ability to do work
energy
________, also called “stored energy” is the energy that an object or substance has of its position or condition.
potential energy
______ is the energy that an object or substance has because of its motion
kinetic energy
_____ is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
thermal energy
The amount of a substance’s thermal energy depends on the temperature and ______ of that substance.
mass
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance is called _______
temperature
An instrument that measures temperature is a _____
thermometer
The _____ scale is usually used by scientists to measure temperature. The scale is based on 0 degrees as the freezing point and 100 degrees as the boiling point.
Celsius
The attraction between the particles of a substance depends on the ______ at which its particles move
speed
When the temperature of a substance increases, the _____ of its particles also increases
speed
The faster the particles move, the _____ attraction there is between the particles
less
A ______ has particles that vibrate back and forth. It has great attraction between the particles
solid
A _______ has particles that move faster than a solid. It has less attraction between the particles than a solid.
liquid
A ____ has particles that move rapidly and cover great distances. It has little attraction between its particles.
gas
When cooled, a substance ______ thermal energy.
losses
Sometimes particles in a substance mov faster and occupy a larger space but do not change to another state of matter. This is known as ________
thermal expansion
Almost every substance _____ when heated and ____contracts when cooled.
Expands when heated -
Contracts when cooled
The amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius is called a ______
calorie
What are examples of how thermal expansion affects every day life?
- movement of liquid in liquid thermometers
- design of spaces between sections of sidewalks, bridges and roads for expansion
Why do metal object get warmer than plastic objects?
- some substance heat or cool more easily than others
- metal can store more heat than plastic
True or False:
Heat flows from cooler objects to warmer objects
false
True or False:
As you increase the temperature of a substance the speed of its particles decreases
false
True or False:
When matter is heated it always changes to another state
false
True or False:
An insulator allows heat to move through it easily
false
The liquid in an outdoor thermometer will ____ during a snowstorm
contract
A wooden dresser drawer may be more difficult to close during the ____ months
summer
Engineers design spaces between bridge sections to prevent buckling by allowing for thermal _____ and contraction
expansion
A _____ is a unit of measurement used to measure thermal energy
calorie
A metal shovel will heat _____ easily in the sun than a plastic shovel will.
more
________ a substance causes the particles to move faster and occupy a larger space
heating
