5th Grade - HISTORY - Chapter 10 Flashcards
On which peninsula is Greece located?
Balkan Peninsula
What early settlers of Greece are remembered for leaving the Trojan Horse outside the city of Troy?
Mycenaeans
What did the Greeks add to the Phoenician’s alphabet to make it usable for literature?
The Greeks added vowels to the Phoenician’s alphabet
Who is a Greek example of a Bard? What poems did he compose?
A Bard is a singing poet. The blind poet Homer was a Bard. He composed the “Iliad” and the “Odyssey.”
Name famous Greek philosophers or “lovers of wisdom.”
Plato, Aristotle and Socrates
Who is known as perhaps the greatest scientist of ancient Greece?
Archimedes - he invented advanced form of mathematics called calculus and discovered the value of “pi.”
What is a city-state?
An independent city with its own government. The two most important were Sparta and Athens.
Name 5 important public places of Greek city-states?
Acropolis - means upper city (also religious center)
Agora - marketplace
Theater - largest gathering place (for festivals and plays)
Gymnasium - place for sports
Stadium - race track
What is democracy?
Combination of 2 words “people” and “rule.” The idea that the citizens of a country should take an active part int he government of the country.
What was the first powerful city-state in ancient Greece?
Sparta
What was the only occupation of citizens in the city-state of Sparta?
They had to train and prepare for war. They were soldiers.
Which city-state was the greatest cultural center in ancient Greece?
Athens
After the age seven, boys from Athens were influenced by ____?
Men – A trusted male slave was given the responsibility of being the boy’s constant companion.
At what age did Spartan young men become citizens?
At the age of 30.
At what age did Athenian young men become citizens?
At the age of 18.
What is a Bard?
Singing poet
What is a philosopher?
Lover of wisdom
What is a phalanx?
A large group of foot soldiers who were armed with shields and spears that were 14 feet long.
The body of water that cuts Greece almost in half?
Gulf of Corinth
The three seas that surround Greece.
Aegean Sea
Ionian Sea
Mediterranean Sea
The largest Greek island?
Crete
What is the city-state where the Olympics began in 776 BC?
Olympia
The country where Alexander the Great came from.
Macedonia
The empire Alexander the Great was determined to conquer.
Persia
The writer of famous fables
Aesop
The philosopher who was concerned with the question, “What is the best way to live?”
Socrates
The father of Alexander
King Philip II of Macedonia
The Greek god honored by the Olympics
Zeus – the king of the Greek gods
Acropolis
Means “upper city” - also religious center of the city
Agora
marketplace
Theater
largest gathering place – used for religious festivals and plays
Gymnasium
Place for sports
Stadium
Long race track
Sparta or Athens?
Greatest cultural center
Athens
Sparta or Athens?
Developed the idea of democracy
Athens
Sparta or Athens?
Boys trained to be good citizens
Athens
Sparta or Athens?
Boys trained to be good soldiers
Sparta
Sparta or Athens?
Boys became citizens at age 18
Athens
Sparta or Athens?
Philosophers and foreigners not welcomed here.
Sparta
Sparta or Athens?
First city-state to become powerful.
Sparta
Sparta or Athens?
Most men could not read or write.
Sparta
Sparta or Athens?
All the work was done by the Helots.
Sparta
Sparta or Athens?
The most famous city-state.
Athens
How far east did Alexander’s empire extend?
India
Which book of the Bible prophesied Alexander’s powerful reign and short life?
Book of Daniel
How many cities did Alexander name after himself? Which one was the most important in its day?
16 cities were named after Alexandria. The most important one was Alexandria in Egypt.
What do we call the 200-year period that began with the death of Alexandria?
Hellenistic Age
What became the most important language during this time period and why was it important?
Greek was the most important language. God used the spread of Greek culture to prepare the way for the writing of the New Testament in the Greek language.
What happened to Alexander’s empire after his death?
The empire was divided among Alexander’s top 4 generals.
What was the purpose of the Trojan horse? Who built it?
During the Trojan War, the Mycenaeans pretended to depart from the city of Troy. They left behind a wooden horse with soldiers hidden inside. When the curious Trojans brought the Trojan Horse inside their city walls, the hidden soldiers came out and opened the gates, allowing their comrades to enter and defeat the city. The Mycenaeans built it.
