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Micro DNA > 5.HPV_Flashcards > Flashcards

5.HPV_Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What type of genome does HPV have?

A

Small, circular dsDNA.

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2
Q

What is the structure of HPV?

A

Non-enveloped, icosahedral capsid.

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3
Q

How many serotypes of HPV are known?

A

Over 100 serotypes.

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4
Q

Where does HPV infect and replicate?

A

Only in the basal layer of surface tissues (skin and mucosa).

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5
Q

What cancers are associated with HPV serotypes 16 and 18?

A

Cervical carcinoma, anal carcinoma, and penile cancer.

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6
Q

Which HPV proteins are oncogenic?

A

E6 and E7 proteins.

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7
Q

What are the types of HPV infections?

A

Latent (asymptomatic) and clinical (causing warts).

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8
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

Direct contact (skin-to-skin) and as an STD.

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9
Q

What distinguishes low-risk and high-risk HPV infections?

A

Low risk: virus genome remains separate; High risk: genome integrates into host DNA, leading to malignancy.

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10
Q

What are cutaneous warts caused by HPV?

A

Common warts, plantar warts, and flat warts (serotypes 1-4).

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11
Q

What are mucosal warts caused by HPV?

A

Laryngeal papillomas, respiratory papillomatosis, and conjunctival papillomas (serotypes 6, 11).

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12
Q

What are genital warts caused by HPV?

A

Occur in the anogenital region, caused by serotypes 6, 11, 16, 18.

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13
Q

What specific condition is caused by HPV in the anogenital region?

A

Condyloma acuminata.

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14
Q

How does HPV cause cancer?

A

E6 and E7 proteins inactivate tumor suppressor genes (p53 and Rb).

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15
Q

What is the primary method for screening HPV-related cervical cancer?

A

Pap smear.

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16
Q

What are koilocytes?

A

HPV-infected cells with perinuclear halos seen under microscopy.

17
Q

What laboratory methods are used for HPV diagnosis?

A

Microscopy (for koilocytes) and PCR (to detect HPV DNA).

18
Q

What is the effectiveness of HPV vaccination?

A

Vaccination is safe and effective, with quadrivalent vaccines targeting serotypes 6, 11, 16, 18.

19
Q

What is the 9-valent HPV vaccine?

A

A recombinant vaccine that provides broader protection against multiple serotypes.

20
Q

What are some treatment options for HPV warts?

A

Cryotherapy (freezing), surgical excision, laser therapy, and vaporization.

21
Q

How can HPV transmission be controlled?

A

Sanitation, avoiding contact, and vaccination.

22
Q

What happens to HPV warts over time?

A

They often regress spontaneously after months to years.

Micro DNA (18 decks)

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