522-547

Question 1

book by Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner, the name stuck as a historical characterization of the late nineteenth century.

Answer 1

The Gilded Age

Question 2

(is a political organization in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses (usually campaign workers), who receive rewards for their efforts. The machine’s power is based on the ability of the workers to get out the vote for their candidates on election day.)

Answer 2

political machines

Question 3

led the Half Breeds also blatantly pursued influence, 1884 Republican presidential nomination

Answer 3

James G. Blaine

Question 4

a Mugwump (supposedly an Indian term meaning “mug on one side of the fence, wump on the other”). Mugwumps believed that only righteous men should govern

Answer 4

Carl Schurz

Question 5

passed by Congress in 1882, created the Civil Service Commission to oversee competitive examinations for government positions.
The act gave the commission jurisdiction over only 10 percent of federal jobs, though the president could expand the list

Answer 5

Pendleton Civil Service Act

Question 6

had been a Union general and an Ohio congressman and governor before his disputed presidential election
He tried to overhaul the spoils system by appointing the civil service reformer Carl Schurz to his cabinet, declined to run for reelection in 1880

Answer 6

Rutherford B. Hayes

Question 7

assassinated by a distraught job seeker

hastened the drive for reform

Answer 7

James Garfield

Question 8

Garfield’s successor, Hayes fired in 1878.
He signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act, urged Congress to modify outdated tariff rates, and supported federal regulation of railroads.
He lost the 1884 Republican presidential nomination to James G. Blaine.

Answer 8

Chester A. Arthur

Question 9

the first Democratic president since James Buchanan expanded the civil service, vetoed hundreds of private pension bills, and urged Congress to cut tariff duties

Answer 9

Grover Cleveland

Question 10

The first president since 1875 whose party had majorities in both Congressional houses,
he signed the Dependents’ Pension Act, which provided pensions for disabled Union veterans, and widows and children

Answer 10

Benjamin Harrison

Question 11

Ohio’s governor

signed the Gold Standard Act(1900), requiring that all paper money be backed by gold

Answer 11

William McKinley

Question 12

establishes separate-but-equal doctrine

Answer 12

Plessy v. Ferguson

Question 13

Segregation laws multiplied throughout the South, reminding African Americans of their inferior status.

Answer 13

Jim Crow” laws

Question 14

advocated women’s rights in courts, workplaces, and the ballot box.

Answer 14

women’s suffrage

Question 15

a clerk in the Department of Agriculture,

Answer 15

Oliver H. Kelley

Question 16

the first arose in Texas, where hard-pressed farmers rallied against crop liens, merchants, railroads, and money power.

Answer 16

Farmers’ Alliances

Question 17

Formation of this People’s Party gave a title to Alliance political activism. (It is the political doctrine that asserts the rights and powers of common people versus elites.)

Answer 17

Populist Party

Question 18

lost to McKinley

Answer 18

William Jennings Bryan

Question 19

one of the most popular movies of all time, began as a work of juvenile literature penned by the journalist L. Frank Baum in 1900. Originally titled The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the story used memorable characters to create an adventurous quest.

Answer 19

The Wizard of Oz