. Flashcards
term used by reformers from Republican and Democratic Parties in 1912 they formed their own party.
Progressivism
fed public tastes for scandal by exposing social, economic, and political
wrongs.
Muckrakers
muckraker who wrote disparaging history of Standard Oil (first published in McClure’s, 1902–1904).
Ida Tarbell
- hoped his exposés of bosses’ misrule in McClure’s (later published as The Shame of the Cities in 1904) would inspire mass outrage and reform
Lincoln Steffens
muckraker who wrote The Jungle
Upton Sinclair
a fictionalized exposé of Chicago meatpacking plants
The Jungle
passed by Roosevelt, This law required government agents to monitor the quality of processed meat
Meat Inspection Act
passed by Roosevelt, . The law required that labels list the ingredients—a goal consistent with Progressive confidence that with the truth, people would make wiser purchases.
Pure Food and Drug Act
largest womans organization of its time
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
A response to social Darwinism
social gospel
the American Railway Union organizer who drew nearly 100,000 votes as the Socialist presidential candidate in 1900
Eugene Debs
was one of the most dynamic Progressive governors. A small-town lawyer, he rose through the state Republican Party to become governor in 1900. There, he initiated direct primaries, more equitable taxes, and railroad regulation. After three terms as governor, he became a U.S. senator
Robert La Follette
CA governor who fought for regulation of children’s and women’s labor, workers’ compensation, a pure food and drug act, and education reform.o
Hiram Johnson
permitted voters to propose laws
Initiative
enabled voters to accept or reject a law
Referendum
allowed voters to remove offending officials from office
Recall
to assist companies in merging and expanding
Department of Commerce and Labor
legalized the federal income tax (Taft)
16th Amendment
provided for direct election of U.S. senators, were initiated during Taft’s presidency (and ratified in 1913)
17th Amendment
ratified in 1919 and implemented in1920), outlawing the manufacture, sale, and transportation of intoxicating liquors, embodied the Progressive goal to protect family and work-
place through reform legislation
18th Amendment
women’s suffrage amendment-gave women the right to vote
19th Amendment
1913 establishes the central banking system
Federal Reserve Act
is created to investigate unfair trade practices.
Federal Trade Commission
asserted that schools needed to prepare children for a modern world by making personal development the focus of the curriculum
John Dewey
not only wanted to ensure that children were exposed to age appropriate materials, but they also focused on preparing children for the modern world by teaching them to use their ingenuity to solve real-life problems
John Dewey
philosopher who worked with john dewey
G. Stanley Hall
believed that the Constitution was a flexible document. His Economic Interpretation of the Constitution (1913) argued that a group of merchants and business-oriented lawyers created the Constitution to defend private property
Charles Beard
associate justice of the Supreme Court between 1902 and 1932, led the attack on the traditional view of law as universal and unchanging. Their argument that law should reflect society’s needs challenged the practice of invoking inflexible legal precedents
Oliver Wendell Holmes
a lawyer who later joined Holmes on the Supreme Court, insisted that judges’ opinions be based on scientifically gathered information about social realities. he collected extensive data on the harmful effects of long working hours to convince the Supreme Court, in Muller v. Oregon (1908), to uphold Oregon’s ten-hour limit to women’s workday
Louis Brandeis
application of biological natural selection and survival of the fittest to human interactions.
Social Darwinism
planned parenthood and birth control controversy, In 1921 she formed the
American Birth Control League, supported eugenics
Margaret Sanger
gives Atlanta compromise speech, articulated self help strategy
Booker T. Washington
1895 Atlanta Exposition
Atlanta Compromise
In 1905 a group of anti-Bookerites convened near Niagara Falls and pledged militant pursuit of unrestricted voting, economic opportunity, integration, and equality before the law. Representing the Niagara movement was_____________
W. E. B. Dubois
The organization aimed to end racial discrimination, prevent lynching, and obtain voting rights through legal redress in the courts
NAACP
term used to describe those who were concerned with womans place in society, woman right to citizenship
Feminism
assumes the presidency after McKinley is assassinated, organized a volunteer cavalry brigade, called the Rough Riders, to fight in Cuba, formed a third party—the Progressive, or Bull Moose, Party
Theodore Roosevelt
Central to Theodore Roosevelt’s campaign it envisioned an era of national unity in which government would coordinate and regulate economic activity
New Nationalism
principal advocate of the wise use policy, promoted scientific management of the nation’s woodlands
Gifford Pinchot
a financial panic caused by reckless speculation forced some New York banks to close to prevent frightened depositors from withdrawing money. J. P. Morgan helped stem the panic by persuading financiers to stop dumping their stocks
Panic of 1907
easily defeated three-time Democratic nominee William Jennings Bryan
William Howard Taft
the party that Roosevelt ran under
Progressive Party
aka the progressive party/Roosevelt
“Bull Moose” Party
won the Democratic presidential nomination in 1912. Established FTC/FRA)
Woodrow Wilson
- central to Woodrow Wilson’s campaign, argued that concentrated economic power threatened individual liberty and that monopolies should be broken up to ensure a free marketplace
New Freedom
