Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

U.S. History > 51-100 > Flashcards

51-100 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

Occurred when British attempted to enforce Townshend Acts; killed five Bostonians, including Crispus Attucks

A

Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

British Prime minister who set out to solve the large national debt incurred in English wars; created acts that raised taxes on American goods

A

George Grenville

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Methods of Colonial Resistance

A

Americans reacted first with respectful petitions, colonial merchants boycotted British goods, revolution turns to violence, some colonists remain loyal to the crown and become “loyalists”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An internal tax, required americans to use “stamped” paper for legal documents, newspaper, and playing cards with other goods

A

Stamp Act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An American post overlooking Boston; held off from British until the force ran out of ammunition and was overrun; STRENGTHENED American morale

A

Battle of Bunker Hill (June 17, 1775)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

HIs leadership led to a standard of a strong presidency with control of foreign policy and power of Veto; Declared Proclamation of Neutrality in April 1793 due to European wars; warned against entangling alliances, political party factions, and suggested isolationism

A

George Washington

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Required colonies to provide soldiers with bedding and other basic needs

A

Quartering Act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Both the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan were united to form this plan; 1 (now 2) in senate and population determines how many in House of Rep.; included the 3/5 Compromise

A

The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise) (1787)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers

A

Elastic Clause (1791)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

British military and political leader; led British forced during Revolution; surrendered at Yorktown in 1781 to Washington

A

General Cornwallis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Political party that absorbed many from Anti-Federalist Party; favored STATE RIGHTS and power in hands of commoners; supported by Southern Agriculture and frontiersmen; federal govt. DENIED all powers not given in Constitution

A

Democratic-Republicans (Jeffersonian Republicans) (1792-1860)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Americans who advocated centralized power; believed the government was GIVEN all powers that were not expressly denied to it by the Constitution; loose interp. of the Constitution, RATIFIED constitution

A

Federalist party (ALEXANDER HAMILTON) (1788)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Framework for an American natl. govt.; states had most power; congressional revision of the articles created a weak national government

A

Articles of Confederation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Principal objective was to reduce the massive surplus of tea held by the financially troubled British East India Company in its London warehouses and to help the struggling company survive

A

Tea Act (1773)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Attempt at settling the conflict between the United States and England over commerce, navigation, and violations of the Treaty of Paris of 1783; lead to evacuation of British of their posts in Northwest, promised in the Treaty of Paris

A

Jay’s Treaty (1794)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Document restating political ideas justifying separation from Britain; drafted by Thomas Jefferson; foundation served by John Locke’s influences

A

Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ended the Seven Years War; France loses all of its North American holdings

A

Treaty of Paris of 1763

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Described how the land north of the Ohio R. would be sectioned into states; states would be admitted to Union when pop. reached 60,000; set precedent for how states joined the union

A

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Signed by US and Spain; free navigation of Miss. R. given to US; gained area north of Florida that was in dispute; use ports in New Orleans

A

Pinckney Treaty (1795)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Western whiskey farmers refused to pay taxes on which Hamilton’s program was based on domestic goods; farmers terrorized tax collectors; FIRST TEST OF FEDERAL AUTHORITY; established fed. govt.’s right to enforce laws

A

Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Peace settlement that ended Revolutionary War; Britain recognized America’s borders; US received all land east of Mississippi River, North of Florida, and south of Great Lakes; Loyalists can’t be persecuted

A

Treaty of Paris, 1783

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Presented by Edmund Randolph; called for bicameral legislature based on POPULATION and both chief executive and judiciary to be chosen by legislature (HOR and Senate)

A

Virginia Plan (1787)

23
Q

Revolutionary resistance leader; headed Sons of Liberty with Paul Revere

A

Samuel Adams

24
Q

English principle stating that the members of Parliament represented all of Britain and British Empire; response to “no taxation without representation” saying parliament was representation

A

Virtual Representation (1770s)

25
Q

Act of congress to assist settlement of the West; organized distribution of land into townships, setting aside a section for public education

A

Land Ordinance of 1785

26
Q

Taxed imports such as wine, cloth, coffee, and silk in America; strictly enforced unlike the Molasses Act

A

Sugar Act

27
Q

Presented to Second Continental Congress; urged congress to declare independence

A

Lee’s Resolutions (1776)

28
Q

Negotiated Treaty of Paris and Jay’s treaty; served as first Chief Justice of Supreme Court

A

John Jay

29
Q

Proclamation of 1763, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Quartering Act; helped provide relief from English debt incurred in war

A

Grenville Acts (1764)

30
Q

Invented the cotton gin in 1793, increased need of slaves; first factory to create interchangeable parts

A

Eli Whitney

31
Q

After several humiliating defeats, led Britain to destroy the French empire in North America; The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended hostilities

A

William Pitt

32
Q

Famous American naval leader; carried on maritime raids against British

A

John Paul Jones

33
Q

Suspected centralized government ruling at a distance and limiting freedom; did NOT RATIFY Constitution; Jeffersonian Republican Party would absorb many of these people after the constitution was adopted

A

Anti-Federalist Party (1780s - 1790s)

34
Q

Daniel Shay led a group of farmers to stop courts from seizing a farmer’s land and enacting debt collection; Americans felt pressure to strengthen govt.

A

Shay’s Rebellion (1786)

35
Q

First secretary of treasury; proposed federal assumption of state debts, national bank, federal stimulation of industry through tax and TARIFFS; opponents, such as Jefferson, saw him as aiding elites at cost of average citizens

A

Alexander Hamilton

36
Q

Forbade all settlement past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains to reduce friction between Native Americans and settlers; outraged colonists believed they had right to land after war ended

A

Proclamation of 1763

37
Q

Pamphlet published by Thomas Paine that called for immediate independence from Britain; weakened resistance to independence

A

Common Sense (January 1776)

38
Q

Concord-Site suspected by British General of housing a stockpile of weaponry
Lexington-Militia and Royal infantry fought; Paul Revere alerted minutemen

A

Battles of Lexington and Concord (April 1775)

39
Q

Presented by William Patterson, called for unicameral legislature with EQUAL representation

A

New Jersey Plan

40
Q

Published the Pennsylvania Gazette and Poor Richard’s Almanac; served in Second Continental Congress and was drafter and signer of Dec. of Independence

A

Benjamin Franklin

41
Q

Court orders that authorized customs officials to conduct non-specific searches to stop smuggling

A

Writs of Assistance (1750s - 1770s)

42
Q

Delegates of seven colonies met in New York to discuss plans of defense; adopted the Declaration of Rights and Grievances

A

Stamp Act Congress (1765

43
Q

American battle fought NY; British planned to end Revolution by splitting colonies along the Hudson, but failed; first American victory; French begin to aid after this battle

A

Battle of Saratoga (1777)

44
Q

Provided for a Supreme Court with a Chief Justice and five associates; established office of Attorney General; created federal district courts and circuit courts

A

Judiciary Act of 1789

45
Q

A series of wars fought between France and England (1748-1763) over land in the Ohio region; George Washington first appears as a military leader; “Seven Years War”

A

French and Indian War (1748-1763)

46
Q

George Washington’s Leadership in the American Revolution

A

Named Commander-in-chief of Continental forced in 1775
Defeated British in Trenton after crossing the Delaware on Christmas 1776
Survived tough winter at Valley Forge

47
Q

British East India Company ships tea directly to America and sells for Bargain, undercutting local merchants; colonists opposed these shipments and citizens dressed as native americans to destroy the tea on the ships

A

Boston Tea Party (1773)

48
Q

Meeting in Philadelphia of colonial representatives to denounce the Intolerable Acts and to petition the British Parliament

A

First Continental Congress (September-October 1774)

49
Q

Series of acts by parliament reacting to Boston Tea Party; closed the Port of Boston; allowed accused crimes to be tried in Britain

A

Intolerable Acts and Coercive Acts (1774)

50
Q

Colonial representative meeting in Philadelphia, presided by John Hancock; group torn between declaring independence or remaining under British Power; adoption of Olive Branch Petition and wrote DOI

A

Second Continental Congress (May 1775)

51
Q

Drafted at the constitutional convention in Philadelphia in 1787; created a stronger federal government; includes Bill of Rights with 10 amendments

A

The Constitution of the United States (1787)

52
Q

Created by another British Prime minister; a program of taxing items imported to the colonies, such as paper, lead, glass, and tea; led to boycotts and thus Boston Massacre

A

Townshend Acts (1767)

53
Q

Act giving Britain the power to tax and make laws for the Americans in all cases; followed repeal of Stamp Act; ultimately ignored

A

Declaratory Act (1766)

U.S. History (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions