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U.S. History > 451-450 > Flashcards

451-450 Flashcards

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1
Q

Attended by Truman/Stalin/Churchill to discuss occupation of both Germany and Japan; declared Japan surrender or be destroyed

A

Potsdam Conference (1945)

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2
Q

Russian Spies in the US

A

Got in big trouble for supplying information to the Soviets (1948 & 1950)

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3
Q

Created the CIA, National Security Council, reorganized the military under one Department of Defense head

A

National Security Act (1947)

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4
Q

Created to oppose the spread of Communism in SE Asia after France’s withdrawal from Indochina

A

Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) (1954-1977)

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5
Q

Russian Satellite launched into space in 1957

A

Sputnik

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6
Q

War of words caused by differences in economic and political beliefs between US and USSR
Churchill says “Iron Curtain” has been dropped between West Europe and Soviet’s Eastern Europe

A

Cold War (began 1946)

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7
Q

Described operations by Army Engineers to design an atomic bomb, directed in Los Alamos, New Mexico

A

Manhattan Project (1942-1945)

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8
Q

Britain, France, and Israel invade Soviet-controlled Egypt to gain control of the Canal; Eisenhower forces them to withdraw

A

Suez Canal Crisis (Egypt, 1956)

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9
Q

Thirty Fourth President; Signed truce to end Korean War; completed integration of military forces; gave movement to the desegregation movement

A

Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)

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10
Q

Growth of the Suburbs (1940s-1950s)

A

People move away from cities following WWII
Causes mass production of cars, road system, and better living conditions
“White Flight” as whites move to suburbs; “Levittown” creates inexpensive houses

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11
Q

Challenged “separate but equal” ruling from Plessy v. Ferguson
Held that separate was inherently unequal and instructed states to integrate

A

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

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12
Q

Causes of the Vietnam War (1954)

A

Vietnam divided by Comm. North, led by Ho Chi Minh, and the S, supported by US
Viet Cong attempted to overthrow SAIGON
S. Vietnam asks Kennedy for aid to fend off the Comm.s

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13
Q

Communist-friendly leader of Cuba; signed agreements with Soviets for trade, US breaks relationships with Cuba

A

Fidel Castro (1959)

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14
Q

Proposal that the US must bolster the deeds of free people resisting communism; supported “Containment” as a response to the Cold War

A

Truman Doctrine (1947)

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15
Q

Russians shoot down this in soviet airspace

Eisenhower admits to spying on soviets

A

U-2 Spy Plane (1960)

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16
Q

Didn’t give up her bus seat in 1955

A

Rosa Parks

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17
Q

V-E Day & V-J Day

A

Victory in Europe Day

Victory in Japan Day (officially ended WWII) (Both in 1945)

18
Q

Group of artists and writers who rejected traditional artistic and social forms; influences included psychedelic drugs and Eastern beliefs, such as Zen Buddhism

A

Beat Generation (1950s)

19
Q

Attempted invasion of Cuba by CIA-trained Cuban Refugees; goal was to overthrow Fidel Castro; invasion failed due to refused air support

A

Bay of Pigs (1961)

20
Q

Soviet-Controlling N. Korea invades S. Korea; MacArthur pushed N. Koreans back across 38th parallel; China sends troops to fight UN; Truman removes MacArthur, Cease-fire and armistice in 1953

A

Korean War (1950-1953)

21
Q

Barrier erected by the East German govt. to separate E & W Berlin; E under Comm. with W in western control

A

Berlin Wall (1961)

22
Q

Allies designated Western Germany to be free from Communism; US lifted supplies for more than ten months into the city, forcing removal of the blockade in 1949

A

Berlin Airlift (1948)

23
Q

Under the act, interstate highway system was expanded to 41,000 miles, signed by Eisenhower

A

Federal Highway Act (1956)

24
Q

First civil rights act since Reconstruction; stimulated by Brown v. Board of Education and civil rights activism; made sure voting rights of African-Americans were not violated

A

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957

25
Q

Recovery Program paid by America and Allies to rebuild Europe; helped support strong European economy and stable politics to resist communism

A

Marshall Plan (1947)

26
Q

Allowed for collective self-defense against the Soviet threat in the North Atlantic region; fall of Soviet Union expanded membership

A

NATO (1949)

27
Q

NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

A

Formed in 1910 by W.E.B. Dubois to stop segregation; disapproved of radial groups such as SNCC and Black Panthers

28
Q

Purpose was to reduce management-labor disputes and to reduce unfair labor practices; part of anti-communist crusade

A

Taft-Hartley Act (1947)

29
Q

American spy plane discovers Russian missile sites in Cuba; Kennedy blockaded Cuba and demanded that the soviets remove the missile bases and all long-range weapons, stating that attack would be retaliated; lead to NUCLEAR TEST BAN (1963)

A

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

30
Q

A “Marshall Plan” for latin America; provide aid to help region resist communism

A

Alliance for Progress (1961)

31
Q

CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)

A

Founded by James Farmer to advocate non-violence, sponsored 1961 Freedom Rides

32
Q

Meeting of the Big 3 to talk about post-WWII plans; Germany to be divided into American, British, French, and Soviet Zones

A

Yalta Conference (1945)

33
Q

Representative body of nations that wished to resolve global issues; has five permanent members (US, Br, Fr, Ru, Ch) and six that rotate

A

United Nations (1945)

34
Q

Created as a partial reaction to the Suez Canal Crisis; committed forces and economic aid to the Middle East to stop communist threats

A

Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)

35
Q

Civil Rights Movement incidents

A

Emmett Till murder
“Sit Ins” at white-only lunch counters
March from Selma to Birmingham for voting rights (sparked 1965 Voting Rights Act right after)

36
Q

Thirty-Fifth President; TAX REFORMS, educational aid, emphasis on space program; raised minimum wage; approved bay of pigs; established Peace Corps in 1961; led through Cuban Missile Crisis

A

John F. Kennedy (1961-1963)

37
Q

Claimed to have detailed info on Communists within State Department; was never able to prove Communists were within any govt. agency

A

Joseph McCarthy (Early 1950s)

38
Q

Thirty-Third president; decided to drop bombs on Japan; banned racial discrimination in federal hiring and armed forces; TRUMAN DOCTRINE institutes “containment” against communism

A

Harry S. Truman (1945-1953)

39
Q

Proposal by Truman to extend the New Deal for the new era; increased minimum wage and social security extends to more

A

Fair Deal (1948)

40
Q

Invented in the 1930s, owned by over 40 million homes by 1960

A

Television (1950s-1960s)

U.S. History (10 decks)

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