351-400

Question 1

FDR loses lots of support and tells voters he would not enter the war; breaks precedent by Washington

Answer 1

FDR’s Third Term

Question 2

FDR authorized evacuation of all Japs from west coast to relocation centers, interning about 120,000 Japanese-Americans; Congress votes to pay compensation to each surviving internee in 1988

Answer 2

Japanese Internment Camps (1942)

Question 3

Isolationism and Neutrality Acts of 1935

Answer 3

America became isolationists after WWI, mainly because its citizens felt harsh effects of war; REJECTION of Treaty of Versailles and higher tariffs; Neutrality Acts to stop ships leaving US from transporting arms to combatants

Question 4

Investors begin to panic, sending NYSE toward tremendous losses; Black Thursday and Black Tuesday; led to Great Depression

Answer 4

Stock Market Crash of 1929

Question 5

While the First emphasized central planning, second pushed programs to aid particular groups, such as labor organizations; US tax structure was finessed through various revenue acts

Answer 5

Second New Deal (1935-1941)

Question 6

US Domestic Measures for WWII

Answer 6

War Production Board regulates raw materials
Prices and wages freeze
Income tax extended to more people
US sells Liberty Bonds
Govt had power to take over business closed by strikes

Question 7

First of FDR’s Hundred Days; provided funds to open some banks and it combined and liquidated others

Answer 7

Emergency Banking Relief Act (1933)

Question 8

Thirty-second president; encouraged hope for Great Depression; led thru the “Hundred Days” focused on economic and agricultural recovery and support for the unemployed and elderly; led entry into WWII

Answer 8

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933-1945)

Question 9

FDR’s Gold Standard

Answer 9

FDR removed gold from circulation; resuling in devaluation of US dollar helped raise prices and assist US exports

Question 10

Strong supporter of civil rights, women’s rights, and world peace; FDR’s wife

Answer 10

Eleanor Roosevelt

Question 11

An agreement between US and Mexico that brought thousands of Mexican agricultural workers, or braceros, to the US; becomes part of American agricultural economy after WWII

Answer 11

Braceros (1942)

Question 12

• Works Progress Administration(WPA) - provided jobs and income for unemployed
• Wagner Act/National Labor Relations Act - clarified rights of workers and created a board of oversight on relations between management and labor
• Social Security Act - created to protect older workers; tax on money earned by employees, monies supported unemployment programs

Answer 12

Second New Deal Acts (1935)

Question 13

Banking Failures (1933)

Answer 13

Banks unable to collect on loans because of Great Depression
Banks could not return money to depositors, leading to bank closures
FDR reacts by creating Emergency Banking Relief Act (1933)

Question 14

Insured deposits in commercial banks, created FDIC, and separated commercial and investment banking

Answer 14

Glass-Steagall Banking Act (1933-1934)

Question 15

Attempted to restore the tribal basis of Native American Life; tribal life was to be recognized as “normal”

Answer 15

Indian Reorganization Act (1934)

Question 16

Japanese destroy all US aircrafts, major battleships, and naval crafts at the base, killing 2,323; FDR asks congress to declare war on Japan

Answer 16

Pearl Harbor (1941)

Question 17

Term used to describe makeshift shacks that housed groups of homeless people; used to mock the president

Answer 17

“Hoovervilles” (1929-1930)

Question 18

Securities and Exchange commission was created as a watchdog for the stock Exchange and securities

Answer 18

SEC (1934)

Question 19

Fist US peacetime draft; men were signed into service, and a group of them were chosen for year of training in the military

Answer 19

Selective Service and Training Act (1940)

Question 20

A group of 14,000 unemployed veterans that marched on Washington, seeking payment of money through Congress; Hoover calls in Army to remove the vets; bad, bad look for Hoover

Answer 20

Bonus Army (1932)

Question 21

Congress was concerned about the loss of production due to labor strikes
This authorized the federal govt. to seize and operate industries stopped by strikes

Answer 21

Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act (1943)

Question 22

American proposal to aid the British with supplies in exchange for money after the war; put US on Allies side; allowed British and French ships to come into US ports and buy anything

Answer 22

Lend-Lease Act (1941)

Question 23

First phase of FDR’s domestic reform program
Aimed to provide recovery and relief through public works, business and agricultural regulation
Attacked by conservatives

Answer 23

First New Deal (1933-1934)

Question 24

Within months of Hoovers election, stock market crashed, leading the nation into the Great depression; decline of American economy meant less money spent on loans and products from other countries; foreign powers not able to pay debts back to US

Answer 24

Foreign Economies and Great Depression (1920s-1930s)

Question 25

Minimum wage law; established rising minimum wage and reduction of work week; time-and-a-half for overtime

Answer 25

Fair labor Standards Act (1938)

Question 26

A young biology teacher, broke the law by teaching Darwinism and served as test case; Scopes was fined $100 and convicted, then later was dropped; some states passed anti-evolution laws

Answer 26

Scopes Trials (1925)

Question 27

Brought tariff to the highest level in its history; expression of isolationism

Answer 27

Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)

Question 28

NIRA: Goal was to help businesses self-regulate, aiding employment; NRA: abolished child labor, created minimum wages, and capped hours for workers

Answer 28

National Industrial Recovery Act, creating the National Recovery Administration (1933)

Question 29

Meeting of the Big Three: Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin

Agreement that Russia would attack Germany from the east as the allies would attack from the west

Answer 29

Teheran Conference (1943)

Question 30

American Women in WWII

Answer 30

216,000 Women serve in armed forces in non-combat duties
Women also serve as defense plant workers, symbolized by “Rosie the Riveter” a feminist image representing growth of women’s economic power

Question 31

Thirty-fist president; used the phrase “rugged individualism” which called for people to succeed on their own with minimal help from the govt.; became scapegoat for the Depression

Answer 31

Herbert Hoover (1929-1933)

Question 32

Chartered by congress and Hoover to loan money to RRs and financial institutions; meant to keep basic institutions in business; accused of being assistance to the wealthy

Answer 32

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (1920s-1930s)

Question 33

Hitler and Germany’s Actions leading to WWII (1930s)

Answer 33

Hitler rises to power in 1933, persecuting Jews; Germany and Austria unify, take over Czechoslovakia; Germany agrees to divide Poland w/ Russia through pact, but invades anyways; Britain and France declare war

Question 34

FDR, passed to give educational benefits to those who had served in the Armed Forced during WWII

Answer 34

G.I. Bill

Question 35

• Agricultural Adjustment Administration - Encouraged farmers to decrease their production
• Public Works Administration - Constructed roads, schools, dams, bridges to increase jobs
• Civilian Conservation Corps - Provided work for young men through projects such as road construction and flood control
• National Recovery Administration - Created NRA, prepared codes for fair competition

Answer 35

First New Deal Creations (1933)

Question 36

Returned ownership of certain lands to tribes, established tribal governments, and provided economic relief

Answer 36

Bureau of Indian Affairs (1934)

Question 37

Areas of American prairie states that experienced ecological damage due to huge clouds of soil

Answer 37

Dust Bowl (1930s)

Question 38

Foreign policy doctrine adopted by FDR, withdrew marines from Haiti, Dominican Republican, and other areas

Answer 38

FDR’s Good Neighbor Policy

Question 39

Eisenhower orders an invasion at Normandy, France

Involved over 4,500 vessels; weakened German troops in France

Answer 39

D-Day (1944)

Question 40

Also known as Pact of Paris; Fifteen nation pact agree that all conflicts should be settled by peaceful means and that war was to be renounced; failed

Answer 40

Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)