5 - Immunity & Abnormal Responses

Question 1

Antigen

Answer 1

“Foreign” or “Non-self” substance that has entered the
body and can stimulate the immune system to respond

Question 2

B-Lymphocytes act primarily against:

Answer 2

bacteria & viruses outside the cell

Question 3

T Lymphocytes act primarily against:

Answer 3

• virus infected cells
• fungal and Protozoal infection
• cancer cells
• foreign cells

Question 4

Natural immunity

Answer 4

Species specific immunity
EG humans are naturally immune to some infectious agents that cause disease in other species

Question 5

Innate immunity

Answer 5

Gene specific immunity
(controlled by factors such as ethnicity)
EG aboriginals and their susceptibility to TB

Question 6

Active immunity

Answer 6

host produces own immunity (antibodies)

Question 7

Passive immunity

Answer 7

host receives immunity (antibodies) from another
source (human or animal)

Question 8

Vaccine

Answer 8

• dead or weakened organisms
• stimulate immune response→ antibodies
• active artificial immunity

Question 9

Toxoid

Answer 9

• altered or weakened bacterial toxin
• acts as an antigen
• stimulate immune response→ antibodies
• active artificial immunity

Question 10

Rejection + 3 types

Answer 10

“Cell mediated hypersensitivity & humoral response”
→inflammation and tissue necrosis
(hyperacute, acute, chronic)

Question 11

Survival time for transplanted organ increases with…

Answer 11

excellent match, living donor, use of immunosuppressant drugs

Question 12

Drugs to prevent rejection (3)

Answer 12

• cyclosporin
• azathioprine
• prednisone

Question 13

Opportunistic infection

Answer 13

infection from an organism what usually does not cause disease in a healthy individual

Question 14

Atopic hypersensitivity

Answer 14

manifestation of an allergy in a family (allergic conditions can be inherited)