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World week 1 > 5/7-5/8 > Flashcards

5/7-5/8 Flashcards

1
Q

HUS triad

A

Hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Acute renal failure

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2
Q

HSP purpura

A

On legs and booty in setting of a normal platelet count

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3
Q

Embolic stroke presentation timing

A

Sudden onset with maximal symptoms at the beginning

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4
Q

Tx for appendix abscess

A

IV hydration, antibiotics and bowel rest w/ appendectomy later when abscess shrinks

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5
Q

MCC of isolated aortic stenosis in elderly patients

A

Age-dependent idiopathic sclerocalcific changes

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6
Q

Suspect atrophic vaginitis in what patients

A

Post-menopausal females with symptoms of vaginal dryness and dysuria

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7
Q

Atrophic vaginitis exam

A

Pale, dry vaginal mucosa
Diminished labial fat pad
Scarce pubic hair

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8
Q

US features of appendicitis

A

Non compression and dilation of the appendix

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9
Q

Part of the pee with blood specifics

A
  1. Beginning - urethral
  2. End - Bladder
  3. All- w/in ureters or kidneys
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10
Q

Tx for lyme in pregnant and lactating patients

A

Amoxicillin

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11
Q

Acid-Base status effect on Calcium

A

Alkalosis - Inc. binding of Ca to albumin due to dissociation of H+ ions from albumin

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12
Q

Low risk pt’s with solitary small lung mass criteria

A
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13
Q

Kawasaki tx

A

Aspirin and IVIG

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14
Q

What maternal cancers does breast feeding reduce the risk of

A

Breast and ovarian cancer

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15
Q

Vaginal discharge after delivery

A

1-3 days - lochia rub
3-4 days- pale loch serosa
Then white and called loci alba

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16
Q

Suspect what with any foul smelling d/c postpartum

A

Endometritis

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17
Q

DKA acid base

A

Metabolic acidosis w/ respiratory compensation

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18
Q

What is winters formula

A

PaCO2 = 1.5 (HCO3) + 8

Used to calculate expected PCO2 during respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis

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19
Q

What is Kussmaul breathing

A

Deep and rapid breathing

Seen in DKA

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20
Q

Tx for small, non-bleeding varices

A

Propranolol, Nadolol (non-selective B blockers)

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21
Q

Abdominal pain, constipation, and polydipsia, and polyuria think OD of what

A

Vit D leasing to hypercalcemia

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22
Q

Acute bleeding due to liver failure best treated with

A

FFP

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23
Q

Pain of hip osteoarthritis

A

Felt in groin, buttock, or pelvis and can radiate to lower thigh or knee

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24
Q

Negative predictive value varies with

A

Pre-test probability of a disease –> high probability leads to lower NPV

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25
Q

Does does a vitreous hemorrhage present? MCC?

A

Sudden loss of vision and onset of floaters

MCC is diabetic retinopathy

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26
Q

MPPx for meniere’s attack

A

Avoiding triggers than increase endolymphatic retention

void alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, and foods high in salt and fat

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27
Q

ABI higher than 1.3 suggestive of

A

Calcified and incompressible vessels

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28
Q

When are seizures seen in EtOH withdrawal

A

12-48 hours

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29
Q

What does high progesterone in pregnancy help with

A

To inhibit uterine contractions

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30
Q

Most common thyroid cancer

A

Papillary

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31
Q

Head CT of rupture saccular or berry aneursyms

A

Acute bleeding in cisterns along the major proximal cerebral blood vessels arising from the circle of willis

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32
Q

Drugs that potentiate warfarin

A

Acetaminophen
NSAIDs
Amioderone
Antibiotics

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33
Q

What is rationalization

A

Offering a rational, logical reason for an upsetting event or behavior rather than admitting the true reason in order to avoid anxiety or protect self esteem
Can’t make appointment cause had to pick up kids

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34
Q

What is internal tibial torsion

A

Physiologic finding in newborns, will usually self resolve

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35
Q

Central retinal artery occlusion tx

A

Ocular message and high-flow oxygen administration

36
Q

Thalassemia what kind of disease

A

Hemoglobinopathy

37
Q

What is the Thessaly,McMurray test

A

For MCL -=> palpable locking or catching when joint is extended while under load

38
Q

Pt’s with acute onset of back pain and profound hypotension should be evaluated for

A

Presumptive diagnosis of rupture abdominal aortic aneurysm

39
Q

Congenital long QT tx

A

Beta blockers with pacemaker

40
Q

Indinavir MOA and AE

A

Protease inhibitor

Crystal induced nephropathy

41
Q

Didanosine AE

A

Pancreatitis

42
Q

current gold standard for Spherocytosis

A

Eosin-5-maleimide binding test (flow cytometry) + acidified glycerol lysis test

43
Q

What confirms the diagnosis of premature ovarian failure

A

FSH elevation in the setting of >3 months of amenorrhea in a woman under the age of 40

44
Q

Consider glactosemia in who

A

Newborn with FTT, bilateral cataracts, jaundice, and hypoglycemia

45
Q

Patients with galactokinase def present with

A

Cataracts only

46
Q

RDS factors decide prematurity

A

Male sex, prenatal asphyxia, maternal diabetes, C-section without labor

47
Q

Why is constipation a common problem in trainers

A

Transition to solid food and cow’s milk
Toilet training
School entry

48
Q

What comes before SJS/TEN

A

Acute influenza like prodrome

49
Q

What is a cofounder

A

Extraneous factor which has properties linking it with exposure and the outcome of interest

50
Q

Peritoneal part of the bladder

A

Bladder dome

51
Q

Broad and waxy casts from

A

Chronic renal failure

52
Q

Mobitz type 1

A

Progressive prolongation of the PR interval leading to a non-conducted P wave and a “dropped” QRS couples
Bening

53
Q

What causes a mobitz type II

A

Block in the his-purkinje system below the AV node

Episodic and unpredictable absence of conduction b/w atria and ventricles

54
Q

Pill esophagtitis scope

A

Discrete ulcers w/ relatively normal-appearing surrounding mucosa

55
Q

Oral estrogen effect on thyroid meds

A

Increase levels of Thyroxine-binding globulin, which may lead to pt’s w/ hypothyroidism needing higher levothyroxin doses

56
Q

TCA overdose tx

A

Sodium bicarb to treat cardiac toxicity (prolonged QRS)

Benzos to treat TCA

57
Q

Drug to add to metformin if A1c high and weight loss desired

A

Eventide, liraglutide (GLP-1 agonists)

58
Q

Sulfonylureas AE

A

Weight gain and hypoglycemia

59
Q

DM drug that can be used in renal insufficiency

A

Sitagliptin (DPP-IV inhibitor)

60
Q

Warfarin inhibits what factors

A

II, VII, IX, X, C and S

61
Q

Sinusitis tx

A

Amox/clavulonic acid

62
Q

Think what with necrolytic migratory erythema, diarrhea, and weight loss

A

Glucagonoma

63
Q

Hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage timing

A

Presents initially w/ focal symptoms, but can rapidly progress to signs of elevated ICP (vomitng, HA, decreased alertness)

64
Q

What is lone a-fib

A

Pt’s with paroxysmal, persistent, or permanent A-fib w/ no evidence of cardiopulmonary or structural heart disease

65
Q

Next step is NST is non-reactive in pregnant patients with decreased fetal movement

A

Contraction stress test or biophysical profile

66
Q

Normal contraction stress test indicates

A

Low likelihood of stillbirth within one week of the txt

67
Q

Tx for NSAID induced dyspepsia

A

PPI

* h pylori testing for possible exposure pt’s*

68
Q

Triad of refeeding syndrome

A

Electorate depletion
Arrhtymias
Heart failure
result from fluid and electrolyte shifts

69
Q

What is hemophilic arthorpathy

A

Caused by iron/hemosiderin deposition leading to synovitis and fibrosis within the joint

70
Q

Hemophilic arthropathy ppx

A

Factor concentrates

71
Q

Common cause of iron def anemia in elderly

A

NSAIDs (causing GI blood loss)

72
Q

What causes the primary ovarian failure in turners

A

Gonadal dysgenesis

73
Q

Zinc def features

A

Alopecia
Skin infections
Abnormal tase
Impaired wound healing

74
Q

What is prolonged in Lupus AP

A

PTT

will not correct if mixed 1:1 in normal plasma

75
Q

Survivors of sexual assault at high risk for

A

PTSD
Depression
Suicidality

76
Q

Guillain-Barre tx

A

IV IG or plasmapharesis

77
Q

workup of pt w/ first unprovoked VTE

A

Age appropriate screening and CXR

78
Q

3 main complications with a high PEEP

A
  1. Alveolar damage
  2. Tension pneumothorax
  3. Hypotension
79
Q

Fundoscope of CMV retinitis

A

Fluffy, or granular retinal lesions near vessels

usually painless

80
Q

HSV/VSV retitinitis in HIV pt’s

A

Acute very painful retinal necrosis

Fundoscope: peripheral pale lesions and central retinal necrosis

81
Q

AAA screening age

A

65-75 in all smokers/former smokers

82
Q

Mediastinitis features

A

Fever, CP, leukocytosis, and mediastinal widening on CXR

can also see sternal wound drainage

83
Q

Mediatsinitis tx

A

Drainage, surgical debridement, and prolonged antibiotic therapy

84
Q

Why moderate Prolactin elevation in non-functioning pituitary adenoma

A

Disruption of dopaminergic neural pathways that normally suppress prolactin levels

85
Q

What suspected appendicitis pt’s should get imaging

A
  1. Non-classic symptoms
  2. Equivocal findings on initial assessment
  3. Delayed presentation
86
Q

What should be suspected in any BPH pt with AKI

A

Bladder outlet obstruction

World week 1 (17 decks)

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