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World week 1 > 5/15 > Flashcards

5/15 Flashcards

1
Q

Test for acromegaly after IGF-1

A

GH measurement after oral glucose load (if pos will se paradoxical increase in GH levels)

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2
Q

Further eval of unstable pt’s after BAT w/ negative DPL should look for what

A

Possible pelvic fracture w/ retroperitoneal hemorrhage

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3
Q

When does selective survival bias occur

A

In case control studies when cases are selected from the entire disease population instead of just those that are newly diagnosed

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4
Q

3 agents that shift K intracellularly

A
  1. Insulin and glucose
  2. Sodium bicarb
  3. Beta-2 agonists
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5
Q

MC pediatric tumor

A

Benign astrocytomas (for both infra and supratentorial)

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6
Q

Development of AV blok in a patient with infective endocarditis should raise suspicion for what

A

Pervivalvular abscess extending into the adjacent cardiac conduction tissues

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7
Q

Typical presenting symptom of a choleseatoma

A

New onset hearing loss or chronic ear drainage despite therapy

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8
Q

Otoscope of cholesteatoma

A

Granulation tissue and skin debris within retraction pockets of TM

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9
Q

DiGeorge CATCH

A 
Conotruncal cardiac defects
Abnormal facies
Thyimic aplasia
Cleft Palate 
Hypocalcemia
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10
Q

Two tests for when Digeorge is suspected

A

Serum calcium levels and echocardiography

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11
Q

Complication of Mono

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia due to cross reactivity of EBV induced Ab against RBCs and platelets

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12
Q

Legionella PNA tx

A

Quinolone or macrolide

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13
Q

Murmur heard after aortic dissection

A

Aortic regurg - early diastolic crescendo/decrescendo

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14
Q

C. diff risk drugs besides Ab

A

PPIs and H2 blockers

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15
Q

Anti HbE seen in what phase of Hep B

A

Recovery phase

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16
Q

Extra pulmonary sarcoid big 3

A

Arthritis
Uveitis
Erythema Nodosum

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17
Q

What is elevated in alcoholic hepatitis besides AST/ALT

A

GGT and ferritin (ferritin is an acute phase reactant)

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18
Q

Benign murmur features

A

Grade I or II, early or mid systolic, and decreases with standing

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19
Q

Suspect what in a young female w/ bilateral TN

A

MS

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20
Q

Anticoagulation good for pt’s w/ renal dz

A

Unfractionated heparin (reduced renal clearances makes direct Xa inhibitors stronger) then warfarin

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21
Q

Dendritic ulcer in eye

A

Herpex simplex keratitis

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22
Q

Why no try to convert breech presentation prior to 37 weeks

A

Majority self correct by then

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23
Q

Ovarian tumor that can produce estrogen

A

Granulosa cell tumors

24
Q

What is Leriche syndrome

A

Arterial occlusion at the bifurcation of the aorta into the common iliac arteries
impotence almost always present

25
Q

Best test for virilizing neoplasm? interpretation?

A

Serum testosterone and DHEAS levels
Inc T w/ normal —–DHEAS indicate ovarian source
-Inc. DHEAS w/ normal T indicates adrenal source

26
Q

4 big complications in DES daughters

A
  1. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina and cervix
  2. Structural anomalies of repro tract
  3. Pregnancy problems
  4. Infertility
27
Q

Why is right sided ovarian torsion more common than left

A

Longer length or uretero-ovarian ligament and left rectosigmoid colon occupies the space around the left ovary

28
Q

What should be suspected in pt’s who have combo of hemolytic anemia, cytopenias, and hyper coagulable state

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

29
Q

2 GI complications of HSP

A

GI hemorrhage or intussusception (small bowel or ileo-ileo)

30
Q

Adult women w/ rubella get what

A

Arthritis than can last up to a month after resolution of other symptoms

31
Q

Why steatorrhea in ZE syndrome

A

Inactivation of pancreatic enzymes

32
Q

SAIDH tx

A

Fluid restriction ( hypertonic saline for severe symptomatic or resistant hyponatremia)

33
Q

Acid base status in Fe overdose

A

Anion gap metabolic acidosis

34
Q

WAS gene defect

A

X-linked recessive WAS (impaired cytoskeleton changes in leukocytes and platelets)

35
Q

Hallmark brain damage of prolonged seizures

A

Cortical laminar necrosis

36
Q

MCC when brain abscess results from sinusits

A

S viridians

37
Q

3 causes of ARDs

A
  1. Impaired gas exchange
  2. Decreased lung compliance (stiff lungs)
  3. Increased pulmonary arterial pressure (pulmonary HTN)
38
Q

All pt’s w/ hx of rheumatic fever should be on what

A

Penicillin ppx until 21 years old

39
Q

Tx for toxo

A

Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine (TMP-SMX is for ppx)

40
Q

What causes cirrhotic ascites

A

Increased hydrostatic pressure within hepatic capillary beds

41
Q

Depressed phase of bipolar drug

A

2nd gen antipsychotics

42
Q

Why oligohydramnios in late term

A

Aging placenta may have decreased fetal perfusion, resulting in decreased renal perfusion and decreased urinary output from the fetus

43
Q

MCC predisposing factor for acute bacterial sinusitis

A

Viral URI

44
Q

How does perianal or genital trauma cause priapism

A

Laceration of the cavernous artery

45
Q

How to reduce febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

Leukoreduced

46
Q

Thing things washing RBCs before transfusion prevents

A
  1. IgA def pt’s
  2. Complement def- autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  3. Continued allergic reactions despite antihistamine tx
47
Q

2 important diagnostic factors for Waldenstroms

A
  1. IgM spike on electrophoresis

2. Hyperviscosity

48
Q

Labs of 2nd hyper-PTH

A

Dec vit D leads to hypocalcemia, hyperphsophatemia, and compensatory rise in PTH

49
Q

Labs of abnormal hemostasis in CKD? tx?

A

Bleeding time is prolonged, but PT, PTT and platelet count are normal
Tx is DDAVP

50
Q

How was trachoma present

A

Follicular conjunctivitis and panes (neovascularization) formation in the cornea

51
Q

What is ramsay hunt syndrome

A

Form of herpes zoster infection that causes Bell’s palsy (will see vesicles on the outer ear)

52
Q

How does skin SCC cause numbness

A

Early perineurial invasion

53
Q

Two biggest non-pharm ways to lower BP

A

Weight loss and DASH diet

54
Q

Weakness after high steroid tx think

A

Hypokalemia (from B2 agonists driving K into cells)

55
Q

Actinomyces vs Nocardia

A

Nocardia weakly acid fast, acintomyces not

World week 1 (17 decks)

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