49. Consolidation Flashcards
Which of the following immune cells are the most numerous to infiltrate into the brain 24 h post-stroke?
A. Macrophages
B. Neutrophils
C. Microglia
D. T cells
Which of the following immune cells are the most numerous to infiltrate into the brain 24 h post-stroke?
A. Macrophages
B. Neutrophils
C. Microglia
D. T cells
Elevated blood pressure is often observed in stroke patients within 24 hour of onset. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY mechanism that may cause this response?
A. Increased released of gut microbiota
B. Increased lymphocyte infiltration into blood vessels
C. Decreased acetylcholine–mediated vasodilation
D. Increased endothelial dysfunction via increased superoxide levels
Elevated blood pressure is often observed in stroke patients within 24 hour of onset. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY mechanism that may cause this response?
A. Increased released of gut microbiota
B. Increased lymphocyte infiltration into blood vessels
C. Decreased acetylcholine–mediated vasodilation
D. Increased endothelial dysfunction via increased superoxide levels
Total ghrelin provides anti-inflammatory effects in various neurological diseases by:
A. decreasing TNFa
B. increasing IL-6
C. increasing TGF-b
D. increasing IL-4
Total ghrelin provides anti-inflammatory effects in various neurological diseases by:
A. decreasing TNFa
B. increasing IL-6
C. increasing TGF-b
D. increasing IL-4
Which of the following diets increases lactobacilli within the gastrointestinal tract, which may alter cardiovascular disease:
A. Western diet
B. Gluten free diet
C. Mediterranean diet
D. Protein diet
Which of the following diets increases lactobacilli within the gastrointestinal tract, which may alter cardiovascular disease:
A. Western diet
B. Gluten free diet
C. Mediterranean diet
D. Protein diet
To be classified as having resistant hypertension, patients must have concurrently taken 3 anti-hypertensives, including a/an:
A. Ace inhibitor
B. Beta blocker
C. Diuretic
D. Calcium channel blocker
To be classified as having resistant hypertension, patients must have concurrently taken 3 anti-hypertensives, including a/an:
A. Ace inhibitor
B. Beta blocker
C. Diuretic
D. Calcium channel blocker
Sleep may increase neutrite growth by ________neurocan, ___________synapotophysin and ____________reactive astrocytes?
A. Decreasing, increasing, decreasing
B. Decreasing, increasing, increasing
C. Increasing, decreasing, increasing
D. Increasing, decreasing, decreasing
Sleep may increase neutrite growth by ________neurocan, ___________synapotophysin and ____________reactive astrocytes?
A. Decreasing, increasing, decreasing
B. Decreasing, increasing, increasing
C. Increasing, decreasing, increasing
D. Increasing, decreasing, decreasing
1-4% of children that suffer obstructive sleep apnoea. What % of child with OSA have been diagnosed with attention deficits?
A. 30%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 95%
1-4% of children that suffer obstructive sleep apnoea. What % of child with OSA have been diagnosed with attention deficits?
A. 30%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 95%
Which of the following changes would you expect to see in lung function in someone who is morbidly obese? (FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 sec; TV = tidal volume; TLC = total lung capacity)
A. decreased FEV1, no change in TV, decreased TLC
B. no change in FEV1, decreased TV, no change in TLC
C. no change in FEV1, decreased TV, decreased TLC
D. decreased FEV1, no change in TV, no change in TLC
Which of the following changes would you expect to see in lung function in someone who is morbidly obese? (FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 sec; TV = tidal volume; TLC = total lung capacity)
A. decreased FEV1, no change in TV, decreased TLC
B. no change in FEV1, decreased TV, no change in TLC
C. no change in FEV1, decreased TV, decreased TLC
D. decreased FEV1, no change in TV, no change in TLC
Which of the following inflammatory profiles is consistent with late-onset asthma caused by obesity?
A. increased leptin, increased IL-5, increased IL-17
B. decreased leptin, increased oxidative stress, increased IL-17
C. increased adiponectin, increased oxidative stress, increased IL-5
D. decreased adiponectin, increased oxidative stress, increased IL-17
Which of the following inflammatory profiles is consistent with late-onset asthma caused by obesity?
A. increased leptin, increased IL-5, increased IL-17
B. decreased leptin, increased oxidative stress, increased IL-17
C. increased adiponectin, increased oxidative stress, increased IL-5
D. decreased adiponectin, increased oxidative stress, increased IL-17
Which of the following is thought to be the MOST EFFECTIVE anti-hypertensive medication to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Ace inhibitor
B. Beta blocker
C. Diuretics
D. Calcium channel blocker
Which of the following is thought to be the MOST EFFECTIVE anti-hypertensive medication to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Ace inhibitor
B. Beta blocker
C. Diuretics
D. Calcium channel blocker
