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BMS3052 > 41. Chronic Disease and Comorbidities > Flashcards

41. Chronic Disease and Comorbidities Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic disease

A

conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical attention or limit activities of daily living or both

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2
Q

Multimorbidity

A

co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions within one person without defining an index chronic condition

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3
Q

Endogenous obesity

A

obesity due to the lowered metabolism resulting from a disturbance in hypothalamic or endocrine functions

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4
Q

Exogenous obesity

A

the result of maladjustments between food and exercise

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5
Q

National Health Priority Areas

A

diseases and conditions given focused attention because of their significant contribution to the burden of illness and injury in the Australian community.

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6
Q

What is the number 1 cause of death and disability in Australia?

A

Chronic disease

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7
Q

By 2030 what will be the global cost of chronic disease?

A

$47 trillion

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8
Q

What percentage of Australians have one or more chronic conditions?

A

47%

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9
Q

What percentage of Australians over 65 years old have one or more chronic condition?

A

80%

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10
Q

Which gender is more likely to have comorbidities?

A

Females

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11
Q

What is the social impact of multimorbidity?

A

↓ Employment (71% vs 86%)

↑ Disability (50% vs 7.9%)

↑ Psychological distress (35% vs 4.3%

↑ Pain (88% vs 55%)

↑ Fair or poor health (32% vs 5.3%)

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12
Q

Which risk factors are common to many chronic diseases?

A

Smoking

Lack of exercise

Diet

Age

etc.

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13
Q

What are some examples of common modifiable risk factors?

A

Unhealthy diet

Physical inactivity

Tobacco use

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14
Q

What are some examples of intermediate risk factors?

A

High blood pressure

High blood glucose

Abnormal blood lipids

Overweight/obesity

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15
Q

What are some examples of non-modifiable risk factors?

A

Age

Heredity

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of the national strategic framework for chronic conditions?

A
  • Moves away from a disease specific approach
  • Recognises that there are similar underlying risk factors for several chronic conditions
  • Similar management and prevention principles apply to multiple chronic conditions
  • Emphasises coordinated care
17
Q

What is the vision of the national strategic framework for chronic conditions?

A

All Australians live healthier lives through effective prevention and management of chronic conditions

18
Q

How can the vision of the national strategic framework for chronic conditions be met?

A
  1. Focus on prevention for a healthier Australia
  2. Provide efficient, effective and appropriate care to support people with chronic conditions to optimise QoL
  3. Target priority populations
19
Q

Who are the partners for the NSFCC?

A

Government

Researchers and academics

Non-government organisations

Communities

Private sector and industry

Individuals

20
Q

What at the priniciples of the NSFCC?

A

Equity

Collaboration and partnerships

Access

Evidence-based

Accountability and Transparency

Shared responsibility

Sustainability

Person-centred

21
Q

Who are the enablers of the NSFCC?

A

Governance and Leadership

Research

Data and Information

Health Workforce

Health Literacy

Technology

Resources

22
Q

Why is a goal of 0% increase in diabetes a good idea?

A

Rates of diabetes is increasing, so a 0% increase is a win

23
Q

What areas can we focus on to prevent chronic conditions?

A

Comprehensive interventions

Integration of interventions

  • Laws / regulations
  • Taxes / price increases
  • Built environment improvement
  • Advocacy
  • Community, school and work-based interventions
  • Screening
  • Clinical prevention
24
Q

Which changes were most effective at reducing tobacco use in Australia?

A

Taxation

Mass media campaigns

25
Q

Which changes had no effect on reducing tobacco use in Australia?

A

Smoke-free resteraunts

Nicotine replacement

BMS3052 (26 decks)

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