41. Chronic Disease and Comorbidities Flashcards
Chronic disease
conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical attention or limit activities of daily living or both
Multimorbidity
co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions within one person without defining an index chronic condition
Endogenous obesity
obesity due to the lowered metabolism resulting from a disturbance in hypothalamic or endocrine functions
Exogenous obesity
the result of maladjustments between food and exercise
National Health Priority Areas
diseases and conditions given focused attention because of their significant contribution to the burden of illness and injury in the Australian community.
What is the number 1 cause of death and disability in Australia?
Chronic disease
By 2030 what will be the global cost of chronic disease?
$47 trillion
What percentage of Australians have one or more chronic conditions?
47%
What percentage of Australians over 65 years old have one or more chronic condition?
80%
Which gender is more likely to have comorbidities?
Females
What is the social impact of multimorbidity?
↓ Employment (71% vs 86%)
↑ Disability (50% vs 7.9%)
↑ Psychological distress (35% vs 4.3%
↑ Pain (88% vs 55%)
↑ Fair or poor health (32% vs 5.3%)
Which risk factors are common to many chronic diseases?
Smoking
Lack of exercise
Diet
Age
etc.
What are some examples of common modifiable risk factors?
Unhealthy diet
Physical inactivity
Tobacco use
What are some examples of intermediate risk factors?
High blood pressure
High blood glucose
Abnormal blood lipids
Overweight/obesity
What are some examples of non-modifiable risk factors?
Age
Heredity
What are the characteristics of the national strategic framework for chronic conditions?
- Moves away from a disease specific approach
- Recognises that there are similar underlying risk factors for several chronic conditions
- Similar management and prevention principles apply to multiple chronic conditions
- Emphasises coordinated care
What is the vision of the national strategic framework for chronic conditions?
All Australians live healthier lives through effective prevention and management of chronic conditions
How can the vision of the national strategic framework for chronic conditions be met?
- Focus on prevention for a healthier Australia
- Provide efficient, effective and appropriate care to support people with chronic conditions to optimise QoL
- Target priority populations
Who are the partners for the NSFCC?
Government
Researchers and academics
Non-government organisations
Communities
Private sector and industry
Individuals
What at the priniciples of the NSFCC?
Equity
Collaboration and partnerships
Access
Evidence-based
Accountability and Transparency
Shared responsibility
Sustainability
Person-centred
Who are the enablers of the NSFCC?
Governance and Leadership
Research
Data and Information
Health Workforce
Health Literacy
Technology
Resources
Why is a goal of 0% increase in diabetes a good idea?
Rates of diabetes is increasing, so a 0% increase is a win
What areas can we focus on to prevent chronic conditions?
Comprehensive interventions
Integration of interventions
- Laws / regulations
- Taxes / price increases
- Built environment improvement
- Advocacy
- Community, school and work-based interventions
- Screening
- Clinical prevention
Which changes were most effective at reducing tobacco use in Australia?
Taxation
Mass media campaigns
Which changes had no effect on reducing tobacco use in Australia?
Smoke-free resteraunts
Nicotine replacement
