4.7 Organisation of an ecosystem and recycling

Question 1

photosynthetic organisms are known as

Answer 1

producers

Question 2

Feeding relationships can be represented as a

Answer 2

food chain

Question 3

all food chains begin with..

Answer 3

a producer

Question 4

a plant is known as a producer because…

Answer 4

its produces its own food!

Question 5

Plants make glucose in what process?

Answer 5

photosynthesis

Question 6

What piece of equipment would you use to estimate population size?

Answer 6

quadrat

Question 7

What piece of equipment would you use to measure change in distribution of an organism from one area to another?

Answer 7

tape measure - use to make a transect

Question 8

The mean is

Answer 8

the average - add up all the data and divide by how many you have

Question 9

The mode is….

Answer 9

the most popular/number that occurs most frequently

Question 10

The median is

Answer 10

the middle value - once all data has been organised into numerical order

Question 11

An organism that eats other animals is known as a

Answer 11

predator

Question 12

Animals that are hunted and eaten by other animals are called

Answer 12

prey

Question 13

In a stable community what happens to the number of predator and prey?

Answer 13

rises and falls in cycles

Question 14

carbon is returned to the atmosphere as

Answer 14

carbon dioxide

Question 15

What process returns carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

Answer 15

respiration

Question 16

which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

Answer 16

photosynthesis

Question 17

Which organisms carry out decay?

Answer 17

microbes/micro-organisms

Question 18

What conditions are necessary for decay?

Answer 18

warmth, moisture, energy source and oxygen

Question 19

What is biomass?

Answer 19

dry mass, energy store - makes up the living material of all living organisms

Question 20

The population size of any species is limited by..

Answer 20

food availability

Question 21

If food availability increases (prey) what will happen to the predator population?

Answer 21

increase

Question 22

If the predator population increases what will happen to the prey population?

Answer 22

decrease

Question 23

Predator and prey cycles are always out of phase with each other -what does this mean?

Answer 23

It takes a while for one population to respond to the other population

Question 24

What does the energy from the sun do to the water on the land and in the sea?

Answer 24

causes it to evaporate and turn to water vapour

Question 25

Evaporation of water from plants is known as

Answer 25

transpiration

Question 26

When water vapour evaporates it is carried upwards. What happens to it when it gets higher up?

Answer 26

it cools and condenses to form clouds

Question 27

Water in clouds falls as rain - what is known as?

Answer 27

precipitation

Question 28

When rain falls onto the land where does it eventually end up?

Answer 28

drains into the sea

Question 29

All living things are made up from the elements …

Answer 29

Carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen

Question 30

What biological molecules contain carbon?

Answer 30

carbohydrates, proteins and fats

Question 31

In a food chain what is passed on?

Answer 31

biomass/energy

Question 32

What is decay?

Answer 32

breakdown of dead animal or plants by micro-organisms

Question 33

Why is decay important?

Answer 33

To recycle elements locked up inside dead organisms so that they can be returned to the environment and reused

Question 34

In a stable community what can be said about the materials taken out of the soil v materials used by the plants?

Answer 34

its balanced

Question 35

Carbon in carbon dioxide is used to make which carbon molecule?

Answer 35

glucose

Question 36

glucose contains carbon what molecules is it used to make?

Answer 36

cellulose 
starch
fats
proteins
 THEY ALL CONTAIN CARBON TOO

Question 37

How does the carbon in plants get into the body of an animal?

Answer 37

feeding

Question 38

How does the carbon in dead animals and plants end up in the atmosphere?

Answer 38

microbes carry out decay
microbes respire
releasing carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere

Question 39

How does the carbon in living organisms get returned to the atmosphere?

Answer 39

respiration - returned as carbon dioxide

Question 40

What other process (not respiration ) ADDS carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

Answer 40

combustion

Question 41

a habitat is

Answer 41

a place where an organism lives

Question 42

The distribution of an organism is described as..

Answer 42

where it is found

Question 43

The distribution of organisms is affect by..

Answer 43

environmental factors

Question 44

What is a quadrat?

Answer 44

a square frame enclosing a given area usually 1m2

Question 45

When sampling plant populations, how should the quadrat be placed?

Answer 45

randomly

Question 46

How do you decide where to place a quadrat for sampling?

Answer 46

Divide your area to sample into a grid and use a random number generator to pick coordinates

Question 47

Why should you sample randomly?

Answer 47

avoid bias is data

Question 48

When sampling with a quadrat why should you do a lot of samples e.g. at least 20

Answer 48

to ensure data is representative

increases reliability

Question 49

If sampling a field to estimate the population of daisies on the field what will you do when you have sampled the field a minimum of 20 times?

Answer 49

calculate a mean number of daisies per quadrat

Question 50

How will you estimate the number of daisies on a school field?

Answer 50

1. sample randomly
2. calculate a mean
3. scale this mean up to reflect the size of the field e.g. if 10 daisies per 1m2 and the field is 100m2 - times the 10 by 100 = 1000daisies.