4.5 Homeostasis and NS structure and function Flashcards

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1
Q

Homeostasis is…

A

The maintenance of a constant internal environment

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2
Q

Name 4 internal conditions that need to be controlled?

A

water and ions
temperature
glucose
waste

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3
Q

What 2 control systems do we have in our body to regulate your internal environment?

A

nervous and hormonal

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4
Q

Your control systems have what 3 main components which work together to maintain a steady condition. Name them

A
  • receptors
  • coordination centres - brain/spinal cord/pancreas
  • effectors
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5
Q

what are receptors?

A

special cells that detect stimuli and then send an electrical message along the sensory neurone to the CNS

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6
Q

Stimuli are..

A

changes in the environment (that are detected by receptors)

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7
Q

An effector is..

A

a muscle or gland that brings about a response

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8
Q

Where do sensory neurones carry electrical impulses from and to?

A

From receptors to the CNS

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9
Q

Where do motor neurones carry electrical impulses from and to?

A

From the CNS to the effector (muscle or gland)

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10
Q

What is a relay neurone?

A

A short neurone that carries an electrical impulse around the CNS in a reflex action

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11
Q

Where do you find a synapse?

A

The small gap between the axon of one nerve and the dendrites of another

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12
Q

Which type of chemical moves across a synapse

A

Neurotransmitter

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13
Q

What is a reflex response

A

an automatic response that you do not have to think about (involuntary)

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14
Q

How many neurones make up an reflex arc?

A

Three

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15
Q

Why are reflex actions beneficial?

A

Prevent us from harm. Do not have to be learned.

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16
Q

Name 4 stimuli that can be detected by receptors in the skin

A

Touch, pressure, temp, pain

17
Q

How do neurotransmitters travel across a synapse

A

by diffusion

18
Q

What comes next?

stimulus –> receptor–> ?

A

Sensory neurone

19
Q

What comes next?

CNS (co-ordinator)—> motor neurone —> ?

A

Effector

20
Q

Where can receptors be found? (5)

A

Eyes, ears, tongue, nose, skin