44. SUMMARY OF THE MITOTIC PHASE Flashcards
1
Q
- What is Prophase?
A
- the chromatic fibres condense
- they condense into distinct chromosomes
- the nucleoli disappear
- nuclear membrane degradation begins
- the mitotic spindle begins to form
2
Q
- What is the Mitotic Spindle made out of?
A
- centrosomes
- microtubules
3
Q
- What is Prometaphase?
A
- the nuclear envelope fragments
- this is what starts the Prometaphase
- the microtubules extend from each centrosome
- these microtubules invade the nuclear area
- they bind to the chromosomes
- the chromosomes become more condensed
4
Q
- What is Metaphase?
A
- the centrosomes are now at opposite poles
- the chromosomes are aligned along the Metaphase
Plate
5
Q
- What is the Metaphase Plate?
A
- the imaginary plane that is equidistant
- it is between the spindle’s 2 poles
6
Q
- What is Anaphase?
A
- the sister chromatids of each chromosome move
towards opposite poles - the two poles of the cell have equivalent
collections of chromosomes (chromatids)
7
Q
- What is Telophase?
A
- the nuclear envelope reforms
- the nucleoli reappear
- the two daughter nuclei form in the cell
- the chromosomes de-condense
- mitosis is now complete
8
Q
- What is Cytokinesis?
A
- this is the division of the Cytoplasm
- the cells are completely separated during this stage
- the division of the cytoplasm usually begins by late
Telophase - the two daughter cells appear shortly after the end of
Mitosis
9
Q
- How does Cytokinesis occur in animal cells?
A
- through a process known as Cleavage
- this forms a cleavage furrow
10
Q
- Provide the descriptions for the following labels.
A
1= Diploid (2n)
2= Tetraploid (4n)
3= Tetraploid (4n)
4= Tetraploid (4n)
5= Diploid (2n)