4.2 kingdoms & classifications Flashcards
traditionally what 2 groups were all living things grouped into?
plants and animals
what became apparent regarding the 2 groups as living things were studied in greater detail?
not all organism fit as plants or animals
what are the 5 kingdoms?
Prokaryotae Protoctista Fungi Plantae Animalia
what type of organisms are prokaryotae?
bacteria
what type of organisms are protoctista?
unicellular eukaryotes
what type of organisms are fungi?
yeast
moulds
mushrooms
what type of organisms are plantae?
plants
what type of organisms are animalia?
animals
what are some features of prokaryotes?
unicellular
no nucleus
no visible feeding mechanism
what are some features of protoctista?
eukaryotes
unicellular
nucleus
chloroplasts
what are some features of fungi?
heterotrophic eukaryotes
rigid chitin cell wall
multi nucleated cytoplasm
what are some features of plantae?
multicellular eukaryotes
photosynthetic
cellulose cell wall
autotrophic nutrition (make own food)
what are some features of animalia?
heterotrophic
multicellular eukaryotes
heterotrophic nutrition
fertilised eggs
prior to classification systems what were organism named according to? (Example)
physical characteristics
e.g. black bird
why was it not useful to classify organisms based upon physical characteristics?
animals could have multiple names which could differ according to languages
names based on physical characteristics also fail to provide what information?
info about the evolutionary relationships between animals
what did Swedish Botanist Carl Linnaeus develop?
the binominal naming system
what are the 8 classifications in the naming system?
domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species
how are humans classified?
D - eukarya K - Animalia P - Chordata C - mammalia O - primates F - Hominidae G - homo S - sapiens
why did Linnaeus create the binominal naming system?
so scientists everywhere could use the same names
in the binominal naming system no two species have what?
the same name
what is the first name in binominal classification?
the generic name
what does the generic name tell us?
the genus to which the organism belongs
what is the second name in binominal classification?
the specific name
what does the specific name indicate?
the organisms species
how are names written?
lowercase italics with the first letter of the genus name uppercase
what is the binominal name of a dog?
canis familaris
why do scientists classify animals?
to identify species
to predict characteristics
find evolutionary links
what is the smallest unit of classification?
species
what is a species?
a group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring
