3.2 Blood Vessels

Question 1

what is the sequence of blood vessels blood travels through?

Answer 1

arteries
arterioles
capillaries
venules
veins

Question 2

(arteries) what layers does an artery have?

Answer 2

tough outer layer
thick muscle layer
elastic layer
thin inner lining
lumen

Question 3

(arteries) the tough outer layer consists of what?

Answer 3

collagen

Question 4

(arteries) the tough outer layer is strong and able to resist what?

Answer 4

pressure from outside the artery

Question 5

(arteries) the thick muscle layer can do what?

Answer 5

contract to control blood flow

Question 6

(arteries) the elastic layer helps maintain high pressure by doing what?

Answer 6

stretching and recoiling

Question 7

(arteries) the thin inner lining is made of what?

Answer 7

endothelium

Question 8

(arteries) the inner lining is structured how?

Answer 8

smooth to prevent friction

deeply folded to allow expansion

Question 9

(arteries)what is the lumen?

Answer 9

central cavity through which blood flows

Question 10

(arterioles) smaller blood vessels control blood flow from where?

Answer 10

arteries to capillaries

Question 11

(arterioles) what is the structure of arterioles?

Answer 11

smooth muscle - control blood flow

less elastic tissue

Question 12

(capillaries) capillaries link what?

Answer 12

arterioles and venules

Question 13

(capillaries) their small lumen is just the right size for what?

Answer 13

red blood cells to squeeze through one at a time

Question 14

(capillaries) capillaries have no what?

Answer 14

collagen
smooth muscle
elastic tissue

Question 15

(capillaries) their endothelium is one cell thick to allow for what?

Answer 15

efficient diffusion

Question 16

(capillaries) capillary networks provide a large what?

Answer 16

surface area for diffusion

Question 17

(capillaries) the total cross sectional area of capillaries is greater than arterioles so blood does what?

Answer 17

slows allowing more time for diffusion

Question 18

(venules) smaller veins carrying blood where?

Answer 18

from capillaries to veins

Question 19

(venules) they have very thin walls and what type of cells?

Answer 19

muscle cells

Question 20

(veins) take blood where?

Answer 20

back to the heart at low pressure

Question 21

(veins) why do veins have a thin layer of elastic tissue and thin muscle layer?

Answer 21

blood is at a lower pressure

Question 22

(veins) why do they have a large lumen?

Answer 22

blood is at lower pressure and flows slower

Question 23

(veins) valves in veins prevent what?

Answer 23

backflow of blood

Question 24

(veins) many veins run between where?

Answer 24

active muscle

Question 25

(veins) when a muscle contracts what effect does it have on the vein?

Answer 25

squeeze it forcing blood back to the heart

Question 26

(veins) how does breathing act as a pump?

Answer 26

pressure changes and squeezing actions move blood back to the heart