4.19 Flashcards
Sarah
Match the description to the word it matches:
The study of the relationship of organisms to one another and to their physical environment
Describe “ECOLOGY”
What is “NICHE”
The role of an organism within the habitat in which it lives (Each species exists in a specific niche)
What does “ANATOMICAL ADAPTATIONS” involve?
Anatomical adaptations involve the form and structure of an organism.
(E.g. the thick layer of blubber in seals and whales)
What does “PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS” involve?
Physiological adaptations involve the way the body of the organism works and include the differences in biochemical pathways or enzymes.
(E.g. diving mammals can stay underwater longer than non-diving mammals. When a diving mammal is underwater it’s heart rate drops significantly so that the blood is pumped less often around the body less often and the oxygen in the blood is not used as rapidly. (mammalian diving response))
What does “BEHAVIOURAL ADAPTATIONS” involve.
It involves changes to programmed or instinctive behaviour making organisms better adapted for survival.
(E.g. Many insects and reptiles orientate themselves to get the maximum sunlight on their bodies when the air temperature is relatively low. This allows them to warm up and move fast enough to feed and to escape predators.)
Name a difference between anatomical and physiological adaptations
Behavioural - responses made by an organism that help it to survive/reproduce
Physiological - a body process that helps an organism to survive/reproduce
Name the 3 different types of adaptations
Anatomical adaptations
Behavioural adaptations
Physiological adaptations
Name 2 examples that have a mixture of different types of adaptations that enable them to survive and succeed in their particular environment.
Carnivorous fungi
Camels
Name 2 physiological adaptations adaptations of camel
Thermoregulation and water balance
