4.1, 4.2

Question 1

What is the role of the cellulose cell wall?

Answer 1

To strengthen and support the cell

Question 2

What are amyloplasts used for?

Answer 2

they are used to store energy, as starch.

Question 3

What are the differences between chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Answer 3

• Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.

- They contain chlorophyll whereas mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration and do not contain chlorophyll

Question 4

What are plasmodesmata?

Answer 4

They are cytoplasmic bridges between plant cells that allow communication between the cells.

Question 5

What are pits?

Answer 5

Area of unthickened cell wall (with no lignin) which allows the flow of water and dissolved minerals between xylem cells.

Question 6

When is the middle lamella made and what does it contain?

Answer 6

When a plant cell divides into 2 new cells, the middle lamella is the layer between the two new cells made of calcium pectate

Question 7

Lignin, what is it and where is it found?

Answer 7

lignin is added to some cell walls especially in xylem tissue and sclerenchyma fibres. It is impermeable to water.

Question 8

what is a tonoplast and what is its function

Answer 8

vacuole membrane, controls the movement of substances like mineral ions and water into and out of the vacuole