4.1 - Attribution Theory & Person Perception Flashcards
- Attribution
Attribution is how people explain behavior of themselves and others
- Dispositional Attribution
internal
The persons stable, enduring traits (Personality, ability, emotions) (student failing test because they are lazy)
- Situational Attribution
external
Factors outside the person doing the action (such as peer pressure) (new student being new, stumbling over words - being new impacting)
- Explanatory Style-Optimism
Will predict/think the best, Half full, thankful positive always have hope, ¨maybe shes having bad day¨
- Explanatory Style–Pessimism
Will predict/think the worst, half empty, not thankful and negative
- Actor/Observer Bias
(attributional bias)
a bias that explains the tendency for people (the actor) to attribute their owns actions to external, situational factors, but explains he actions of others (the observer) to internal, personal factors. (if I didnt do good on the test its because i was on vacation) (MY BEHAVIOR)
- Fundamental Attribution Error (attributional bias)
when we overemphasize that a persons behavior is caused by their internal factors such as laziness, and underestimate the role of external factors such as really hard test and the situation. (OTHERS BEHAVIOR)
- Self-Serving Bias
(attributional bias)
Bias that refers to the tendency for people to attribute their successes to internal, personal factions (like their own skills, abilities, or effort) while attributing their failures to external, situational factors (such as bad luck, unfair circumstances, or other peoples actions) (run good i blame me being good, run bad I blame the weather or bad blocks) (MY BEHAVIOR)
• Internal Locus of Control
• External Locus of Control
• Mere Exposure Effect
• Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
• Social Comparison
• Upward Social Comparison
• Downward Social Comparison
• Relative Deprivation
