40B - Lecture - Chapter #20

Question 1

3 Layers of the Pericardium

Answer 1

1. Fibrous Pericardium
2. Parietal Layer
3. Visceral Layer

Question 2

Pericarditis

Answer 2

Inflammation of Pericardium

Question 3

Acute Pericarditis

Answer 3

Pericardial fluid decreases

*Causes pericardial friction

Question 4

Chronic Pericarditis

Answer 4

Pericardial fluid increases

*Fibrous layer does not stretch

Question 5

Myocarditis

Answer 5

Inflammation of cardiac muscle

Question 6

Endocarditis

Answer 6

Inflammation of lining inside of heart chambers

Question 7

Stenosis

Answer 7

Narrow opening of valve, does not open completely

Blood gets backed up

Question 8

Mitral Stenosis

Answer 8

Bicuspid Valve issue

*Treated with anti-biotics

Question 9

Pulmonary Edema

Answer 9

Water in lungs, becomes congestive heart failure

Question 10

Mitral Valve Insufficiency

Answer 10

Valve does not completely close

Question 11

Mitral Valve prolapse

Answer 11

Valve prolapses into left atrium

*Cannot be treated with anti-biotics

Question 12

Myocardial Ischemia

Answer 12

Partial blockage of coronary artery, decrease blood flow

Question 13

Hypoxia

Answer 13

Low level of Oxygen to tissue

Question 14

Myocardial infarction

Answer 14

Complete blockage of blood flow in coronary arteries

Question 15

TPA

Answer 15

Dissolves fibrin

Question 16

Coronary Angio Plasty

Answer 16

Balloon or drill

Question 17

Coronary by pass

Answer 17

Goes around obstruction. Makes a ‘new path’ for coronary artery with biological artery

Question 18

Cardiac Output

Answer 18

Volume of blood that is ejected from LEFT or RIGHT ventricle into AORTA or PULMONARY TRUNK per minute

Question 19

CO = ?

Answer 19

Stroke Volume (mL/beat) x Heart Rate (beats/min) = mL/min

Question 20

Stroke Volume

Answer 20

Volume of blood ejected by LEFT or RIGHT ventricles during each contraction or beat

Question 21

Cardiac Output (AT REST)

Answer 21

5 L/min

Question 22

Cardiac Output (MILD EXERCISE)

Answer 22

10 L/min

Increases x2

Question 23

Cardiac Output (INTENSE EXERCISE)

Answer 23

20L/min

Increase x4

Question 24

Max heart rate

Answer 24

220 minus age

Question 25

Ventricular Systole

Answer 25

S1
AV valve closes
“lubb” sound

Question 26

Ventricular Diastole

Answer 26

S2
Semilunar valve closes
“dubb” sound

Question 27

Fibrillation

Answer 27

Rapid, chaotic, unsynchronized, heart contraction

Question 28

What can affect conduction system?

Answer 28

Ventricular tachycardia which turns into V-Fib

Question 29

Defibrillator (AED)

Answer 29

Automated External Defibrillator

Restarts conduction system

Question 30

What is shockable rhythm?

Answer 30

Still have current activity in heart

Question 31

Cardiac Arrest

Answer 31

No effective heart beat, heart completely stopped