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Anatomy and Physiology > 40A - Lab - Exercise #14 > Flashcards

40A - Lab - Exercise #14 Flashcards

1
Q

Origin

A

Muscle tendon that is attached to the stationary bone

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2
Q

Insertion

A

Muscle tendon that is attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts

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3
Q

Flexion

A

Decrease in the angle of a joint

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4
Q

Extension

A

Increase in the angle of a joint

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5
Q

Abductor muscle

A

Moves an appendage away to midline

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6
Q

Adductor muscle

A

Moves an appendage closer to the mindline

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7
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Action: Closes eye

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8
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Action: Closes mouth

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9
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: Sternum and clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal
Action: One muscle (R/L) contracting laterally flexes head AND rotates head to opposite side and both muscles contracting will flex head forward

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10
Q

Platyzma

A

Part of muscle that attaches to skin in neck

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11
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

“Chest”

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12
Q

External Oblique

A

Action: One muscle (R/L) contracting laterally bends torso side to side (as in saying no) AND both muscles contracting will flex the vertebral column and contract the abdominal muscles

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13
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Origin: Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
Insertion: Costal cartilage of ribs and xiphoid process of sternum
Action: Flexes vertebral column AND compress the abdomen with contraction (used for sit ups)

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14
Q

External Intercostals

A

Superficial; Between ribs

Action: Raises ribs at inhalation, increase thoracic cavity size

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15
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

Inner muscles

Action: Lowers ribs at exhalation; decrease thoracic cavity size

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16
Q

Diaphragm

A

Separates the thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity

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17
Q

3 Openings in diaphragm

A

Esophageal Hiatus, Aortic Hiatus, Caval Opening

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18
Q

Opening in diaphragm for esophagus

A

Esophageal Hiatus

19
Q

Opening in diaphragm for abdominal aorta

A

Aortic Hiatus

20
Q

Opening in diaphragm for inferior vena cava

A

Caval Opening

21
Q

Trapezius

A

“Top portion of back” (Excludes shoulders)

22
Q

Deltoid

A

“Shoulder”

23
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

“Lower portion of back”

24
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Postion: Anterior
Origin: 2 tendons of origin both on scapula
Insertion: Radius (proximal)
Action: Flexes forearm at elbow joint AND flexes arm at shoulder joint

25
Q

Brachialis

A

Position: Anterior, beneath biceps brachii
Origin: Humerus (proximal)
Insertion: Ulna (proximal)
Action: Flexes forearm at elbow joint

26
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Postion: Posterior
Origin: Humerus (proximal) AND scapula
Insertion: Ulna (proximal)
Action: Extends forearm at elbow joint

27
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Postion: Anterior, lateral
Origin: Humerus (distal)
Insertion: Radius (distal)
Action: Flexes forearm at elbow joint

28
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Position: Anterior
Origin: Humerus (passes over radius)
Insertion: Metacarpals
Action: Flexes hand at wrist joint

29
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

Position: Posterior
Origin: Humerus (passes over radius)
Insertion: Metacarpals
Action: extends hand at wrist joint

30
Q

Specific neurotransmitter for muscles

A

Acetylcholine

31
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

Origin: Ilium of coxal bone
Insertion: Patella AND tibial tuberosity
Action: Flex the thigh at the hip bone

32
Q

Vastus lateralis / Vastus medialis

A

Origin: Femur
Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend the leg at the knee

33
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Origin: Femur (*deep to rectus femoris)
Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend the leg at the knee

34
Q

Semitendinosus

A

*TOP MUSCLE
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND extends thigh at the hip to move leg backward

35
Q

Semimembranosus

A

*MEDIAL IN POSITION
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND extends thigh at the hip to move backward

36
Q

Biceps femoris

A

*MORE LATERAL IN POSITION
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND extends thigh at the hip to move backward

37
Q

Sartorius

A

Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip to allow us to sit with legs crossed

38
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Action: Extends thigh at the hip to move leg backward AND rotates thigh laterally

39
Q

Gracilis

A

Action: Adducts thigh AND medially rotates thigh AND flexes leg at the knee

40
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Origin: Tibia
Insertion: Metatarsals
Action: Dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint

41
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin: Lateral AND medial condyle of femur
Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon
Action: Flexes leg at knee joint (point feet)

42
Q

Soleus

A

Position: Beneath the gastronemius

43
Q

Calcaneal Tendon

A

Achilles tendon

Anatomy and Physiology (22 decks)

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