40B - Lecture - Chapter #15 Flashcards
Sympathetic System
Pre Ganglionic Motor Neuron: ACH
Post Ganglionic Motor Neuron: NE
Parasympathetic System
Pre Ganglionic Motor Neuron: ACH
Post Ganglion Motor Neuron: ACH
Adrenal Gland
Contains Adrenal Cortex and Adrenal Medulla
Thoracolumbar
Sympathetic system ACH -> NE/E
Spinal Nerves + Spinal Nerves
Pre Ganglionic motor neurons are found in Thoracic and Lumbar area of vertebrae
Craniosacral
Parasympathetic ACH -> ACH
Cranial Nerves + Spinal Nerves
Cholinergic Neurons
Neurons release ACH
Can either be Nicotinic Receptor or Muscurinic Receptor
Adrenergic Neurons
Neurons release NE
Can either be B1 Receptor or B2 Receptor
Receptor Agonist
When a chemical binds to receptor and has the same effect
Receptor Antagonist
Chemical binds the receptor and has the opposite effect
Why are they called Nicotinic receptors?
Nicotine will act like ACH and will bind to Nicotinic receptors
What happens when ACH binds to nicotinic receptors?
It will always depolarize or become excitatory
Why are they called Muscarinic receptors?
Muscarine will act like ACH and bind to Muscurinic receptor
2 Effects of ACH binding to Muscurinic receptor
- Sometimes it will depolarize (excitatory)
2. Sometimes it will hyperpolarize (inhibitory)
Difference between Nicotinic receptor and muscurinic receptor
When ACH binds to NR it will always depolarize. When ACH binds to MR it will give 1 out of 2 effects
Heart (Sympathetic System)
Thoracolumbar
Pre Ganglionic Neuron: ACH w/ Nicotinic Receptor
Post Ganglion Neuron: NE w/ adrenergic receptor (B1)
Effects:
-Depolarize (excitatory)
-Increase HR and force of muscle contraction
Heart (Parasympathetic System)
Craniosacral
Pre Ganglionic Neuron: ACH w/ nicotinic receptor
Post Ganglionic Neuron: ACH w/ muscurinic receptor
Effects:
-Hyperpolarize (Inhibitory)
-Decrease HR and force of muscle contraction
Lung (Sympathetic System)
Thoracolumbar
Pre Ganglionic Neuron: ACH w/ nicotinic receptor
Post ganglion neuron: NE w/ adrenergic receptor (B2)
Effect:
-Hyperpolarize (inhibitory)
-Relaxtion, dilation of bronchiole
Lung (Parasympathetic System)
Craniosacral
Pre ganglionic neuron: ACH w/ nicotinic receptor
Post ganglionic neuron: ACH w/ muscurinic receptor
Effect:
-Depolarize (excitatory)
-Contraction, constriction of bronchiole
2 Types of Adrenergic Receptors
Alpa and Beta
What does 1 stand for in adrenergic receptor?
ie: Alpha 1, Beta 1
Excitatory
What does 2 stand for in adrenergic receptor?
ie: Alpha 2, Beta 2
Inhibitory
Removal of Neurotransmitter
- Diffuse away from synapse area
- Reuptake by neuron that releases NT
- Enzyme at synapse
(Enzyme: ACH-Esterase)
Enzymes that remove neurotransmitter
- COMT
2. MAO
