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Anatomy and Physiology > 40A - Lecture - Chapter #1 > Flashcards

40A - Lecture - Chapter #1 Flashcards

0
Q

6 basic life processes

A
  1. Metabolism
  2. Responsiveness
  3. Movement
  4. Growth
  5. Differentiation
  6. Reproduction
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1
Q

Levels of organization

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. Organ system
  6. Organismal
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2
Q

Chemical

A

Atoms, molecules

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3
Q

Cellular

A

Basic unit of life

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4
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells with the same function. 4 types epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

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5
Q

Organ

A

Contains two or more tissue together

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6
Q

Organ system

A

Contains two or more organs

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7
Q

Organismal

A

Living individual

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8
Q

Metabolism

A

Sum of all reactions that occur in the body

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9
Q

Catabolic

A

Process that breaks complex structures to make simple structures to release energy. Ex: proteins make amino acids
Ex: hydrolysis

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10
Q

Anabolic

A

Process that makes structures simple to complex

Ex: dehydration synthesis

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11
Q

Responsiveness

A

Detects internal and external changes; works through communication. Ex: nervous system, endocrine system

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12
Q

Movement

A

Skeletal system and skeletal “muscle” system

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13
Q

Growth

A

Two different ways
Increase number of cells
Increase size of cells

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14
Q

Differentiation

A

Cells become more specialized

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15
Q

Reproduction

A

Two different ways:
Formation of new “body cells”
New individual

16
Q

Homeostasis

A

Condition in which the internal environment remains constant within physiological limits

17
Q

Intracellular fluid

A

Fluid INSIDE cell

18
Q

Extracellular fluid

A

Fluid OUTSIDE cell

19
Q

Intercellular fluid

A

Fluid BETWEEN cell

20
Q

Feedback systems

A

Nervous system: fast communication detects change to target, localized
Endocrine system: makes hormones and goes into blood stream, slow, can go through whole system

21
Q

Negative feedback

A

Most common way, reverse stimulus, ex: BP

  1. Change detected: receptor receive info
  2. Decision (control): response required
  3. Effector (target): respond to restore balance
  4. Balance
22
Q

Positive feedback

A

Not as common, reinforces stimulus, ex: having baby

  1. Receptors
  2. Decision (control)
  3. Effector (target)
  4. Response
23
Q

Disorder

A

(General form) abnormal structure or function

24
Q

Disease

A

(Specific) illnesses that have characterized vital signs and symptoms

25
Q

Vital signs

A

Change that can be observed and measured

26
Q

Symptoms

A

Felt by a patient t not apparent to observer

27
Q

Systematic disease

A

Affected in different area simultaneously

28
Q

Local disease

A

Affect limited part of body

29
Q

Diagnosis

A

Determining disorder of disease based on vital signs and symptoms

Anatomy and Physiology (22 decks)

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