4.02 - Articulation & Resonance B Flashcards
What are the two Intrinsic Lingual Muscles in the Longitudinal Dimension?
Superior Longitudinal Muscle
Inferior Longitudinal Muscle
What are the four Intrinsic Lingual Muscles?
Superior Longitudinal Muscle
Inferior Longitudinal Muscle
Vertical Muscle
Transverse Muscle
What are the two Intrinsic Lingual Muscles in the Vertical Dimension?
Vertical Muscle
Transverse Muscle
What does the Superior Longitudinal Muscle do?
Raises the tongue tip
What does the Inferior Longitudinal Muscle do?
Lowers the tongue tip
What does the Transverse Lingual Muscle do?
Narrows the tonge
Makes the tongue skinny & pointed
What happens when you simultaneously contract the Superior & Inferior Longitudinal Muscles?
Retracts the tongue
What do the Vertical & Transverse Lingual Muscles do?
Change the shape of the tongue
What are extrinsic muscles?
One that connect with the system at one end and connects elsewhere with the other end.
What are the four Extrinsic Lingual Muscles?
Palatoglossus
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
The Genioglossus starts at the ______ and ______.
Chin
Fans out backwards into the mouth
What does the Genioglossus do if there is posterior contraction?
Protrudes the tongue
What does the Genioglossus do if there is anterior contraction?
Retracts the tongue
The Styloglossus connects the ______ to the _______.
Styloid process
Inferior sides of the tongue
What does the Styloglossus do?
2
Elevates the back of the tongue
Pulls the tongue back
What class of sounds do we use the Styloglossus to produce?
Velars
The Palatoglossus connects the ______ to the _______.
Velum
Tongue
What does the Palatoglossus do if you fix the part at the palate?
Raises the tongue
What does the Palatoglossus do if you fix the part at the tongue?
Lowers the velum
What are two other names for the Palatoglossus?
Glossopalatine
Anterior Faucial Pillar
The Hyoglossus connects the ______ to the ______.
Hyoid
Tongue
What does the Hyoglossus do?
Pulls the sides of the tongue down
When the Velopharyngeal Port is down, it is ______.
Open
When the Velopharyngeal Port is closed, it is ______.
Up
When the Mandible is depressed, it is ______.
Open
What is the main purpose of the Extrinsic Muscles of the Tongue?
To change the tongue’s position
What provides the main innervation for the Intrinsic Lingual Muscles?
Cranial Nerve XII
Hypoglossal Nerve
What provides the main innervation for the Extrinsic Lingual Muscles?
CN XII
Hypoglossal Nerve
What innervates the Palatoglossus?
Pharyngeal Plexus
What makes up the Pharyngeal Plexus?
CN X - Vagus Nerve
CN XI - Accessory Nerve
What may be part of the Pharyngeal Plexus?
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
What are the five categories of the Muscles of Facial Expression?
Circular
Transverse
Angular
Parallel
Vertical
What is another word for Circular Muscles?
Sphincteric Muscles
What are the two Circular Facial Muscles?
Orbicularis Oris Superior
Orbicularis Oris Inferior
What do the Circular Facial Muscles do?
Constrict
What are the five Angular Facial Muscles?
Zygomatic Minor
Zygomatic Major
Levator Labii Superioris
Depressor Labii Inferior
Levator Labii Superioris Aleque Nasi
What do the Angular Facial Muscles do?
2
Go diagonally (oblique) to the corners of the mouth
Pulls upwards
What are the two Transverse Facial Muscles?
Buccinators
Risorius
What do the Transverse Facial Muscles do?
Pull straight back (like a grimace)
What are the two Parallel Facial Muscles?
Incisivus Labii Superioris
Incisivus Labii Inferioris
What do the Parallel Facial Muscles do?
3
Purse lips
Constrict lips
Pull lips towards incisors
What are the three Vertical Facial Muscles?
Mentalis
Levator Anguli Oris
Depressor Anguli Oris
What do the Vertical Facial Muscles do?
2
Push lips forward
Pout
The Risorius is for _______.
Laughter
What does the Orbicularis Orbis do?
Constrict the oral opening
What does the Zygomatic Minor do?
2
Elevates upper lip
Pulls corner of mouth upward
What does the Zygomatic Major do?
Elevates and retracts the angle of the mouth
What does the Levator Labii Superioris do?
2
Elevates upper lip
Pulls corner of mouth upward