1.04-A -Neuron Protection and Nourishment Flashcards
What three things protect the brain?
Bone
Meninges
Cerebral Spinal Fluid
Where does the brain get nutrients?
Vascular System
What are some autonomic tasks?
Breathing
Heartbeat
Etc.
What is the cerbral cortex?
The outer layer of the brain
The periphery
Where does the word “cerebral” come from?
The word for “cork” or “bark”
The cerbral cortex is the thin outer layer of the _____ the contains the _____ (______)
Cerebrum
Neural Tissue (Neurons)
Are all layers of the cerbral cortex the same?
No
Some are thicker and some are thinner
What is the triple layer of bone called?
Diploe
What are the three meninges called?
Dura Mater
Arachnoid Mater
Pia Mater
What is the Dura Mater?
(2)
Outermost meninge
A tough, leathery fibrous lining that attaches to the skull
What does Dura Mater mean?
Tough Mother
Is the Dura Mater a single layer?
(3)
No
It splits into two layers in places and allows for CSF to enter
These are called sinuses
What is the Arachnoid Mater?
(3)
Middle meninge
Has many blood vessels
Very delicate
What does “Arachnoid Mater” mean?
Spider Mother
What are the Arachnoid Granulations?
Extentions of the arachnoid mater that intrude into the dura mater sinuses
What do the Arachnoid Granulations do?
Absorb CSF
What is another name for the Arachnoid Granulations?
Arachnoid Villi
What are the Arachnoid Trabeculae?
Delicate strands of connective tissue that loosely connect the arachnoid mater and the pia mater
What do the Arachnoid Trabeculae do?
Creates the subarachnoid space which contains cerebrospinal fluid
What does Pia Mater mean?
Gentle Mother
What is the Pia Mater?
Most inferior meninge
Adheres to the brain
What does cerebral spinal fluid do?
Helps the brain to float and avoid mild impact injuries
Removes waste created from neural firing
What does Epidural mean?
Above the dura mater
What is another name for epidural?
Extradural
What does subdural mean?
Between the dura mater and arachnoid mater
What does subarachnoid mean?
Under the arachnoid mater
What is the Superior Sagittal Sinus?
A sinus formed by two layers of the dura mater
Forms at the superior junction of the two hemispheres
Where is CSF formed
By the ependymal cells
Where are the ependymal cells?
In the Choroid Plexus
CSF is a ____ derivative.
Blood
How much CSF do we produce in a day?
500 ml/day
What are ventricles?
The space inside the brain
How much CSF do our ventricles hold?
Around 125 ml
Where does CSF start?
In the Lateral Ventricles
Where does CSF go after the lateral ventricles?
Interventricular Foramen
(Foramen of Monroe)
Where does CSF go after the Interventricular Foramen?
The third ventricle
Where does CSF go after the third ventricle?
The cerebral aquaduct
Where does CSF go after the cerebral aquaduct?
The fourth ventricle
Where does CSF go after the fourth ventricle?
The lateral and median aperatures
Where does CSF after the lateral and median aperatures?
Subarachnoid space
Where does CSF go after the Subarachnoid space?
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Where does the Superior Sagittal Sinus get its CSF?
Subarachnoid Space
Where does the Subarachnoid Space get its CSF?
The lateral and medial apertures
Where do the lateral and medial apertures get their CSF?
The fourth ventricle
Where does the fourth ventricle get its CSF?
Cerebral Aquaduct
Where does the cerebral aquaduct get its CSF?
The third ventricle
Where does the third ventricle get its CSF?
Intracentricular Foramen
(Foramen of Monroe)
Where does the Intracentricular Foramen get its CSF?
Lateral Ventricles
Where do the Lateral Ventricles get their CSF?
Choroid Plexus
By the Ependymal Cells
What are these?
Arachnoid Granulations
Label the following:
A = Dura Mater
B = Arachnoid Mater
C = Arachnoid Trabeculae
D = Pia Mater
E = Artery
F = Subarachnoid Space
G = Subdural Space
What is this?
Cerebral Cortex
(Grey matter)
Label the following:
A = Choroid Plexus
B = Lateral Ventricle
C = Third Ventricle
D = Cerebral Aquaduct / Aquaduct of Sylvius
E = Fourth Ventricle
F = Sagittal Sinus
G = Arachnoid Granulation (Villi)
H = Subarachnoid Space
What is this called?
Diploe
What kind of hemorrhage is this?
Subarachnoid
What kind of hematoma is this?
Epidural
What kind of hematoma is this?
Subdural
Label the following:
A = Dura Mater
B = Arachnoid Mater
Label the following:
A = Arachnoid Mater
B = Pia Mater
Label the following:
A = Dura Mater
B = Arachnoid Mater
C = Pia Mater
What is this?
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Label the following:
A = Lateral Ventricles
B = Interventricular foramen
C = Third Ventricle
D = Cerebral Aquaduct
E = Fourth Ventricle
F = Central Canal
Label the following:
A = Lateral Ventricles
B = Interventricular foramen
C = Third Ventricle
D = Cerebral Aquaduct
E = Fourth Ventricle
F = Central Canal
