4.01 - Articulation & Resonance A Flashcards
What’s another name for Glossopalatine?
Palatoglossus
What’s another name for Palatoglossus?
Glossopalatine
What’s another name for Palatal Levator?
Levator Veli Palatini
What’s another name for Levator Veli Palatini?
Palatal Levator
What are five upper airway functions that are necessary to sustain life?
Eating
Breathing
Vomiting
Coughing
Sneezing
What are two upper airway functions necessary for speech?
Filter Function
Oro-Nasal Coupling
What three things are necessary for speech?
Power source
Sound source
Sound filter
The upper vocal tract ______ of the cavities, spaces, and location of the constriction to resonate some frequencies of the ______ and attenuate others.
Modulates the shape
Glottal tone
The articulation of speech is created by everything ______.
Above the vocal folds
What are the two functions does the vocal filter provide?
Resonates harmonics
Attenuates harmonics
Resonate means to _____ harmonics where attenuate means to ______ harmonics.
Reinforce
Reduce the power
What are formants? What determines them?
Resonated harmonic frequencies
The length and shape of the vocal tract
What are the three stages of speech production?
Glottal tone
Vocal tract filter
Output
What is the Torus Tuberius?
The cartilaginous protrusion around the auditory (eustachian) tube opening
People say the ethmoid bone is shaped like a _____.
Walnut
People say the Vomer Bone is shaped like a ______.
Plow
What is another word for nostrils?
Nares
Nares are lined with _____ which catch _____ and _____.
Hair
Dust
Bacteria
Conchae create swirling pathways for air which ____________ which protects the lungs.
Warms and moistens the air
What sort of lining is in the nasal cavities and sinuses?
Mucosal
How much mucus do we produce in a day?
Around a quart
What does mucus contain?
2
Infection-Fighting Enzymes
White Blood Cells
What secondary function does mucus provide?
It is sticky and washes the nasal wall of particles
What joint does the Condylar Process connect to?
Temporomanibular Joint
What joint does the Coronoid Process?
None.
It only connects to muscles
A Class II Malocclusion is an ______.
Overbite
A Class III Malocclusion is an _______.
Underbite.
What is the difference between TMJ & TMD?
Temporomandibular Joint
Temporomandibular Disorder
“Velum” comes from the latin word for _____.
Curtain
“Uvela” come from the Latin word for _______.
Little Grape
The Frenulum connects the tongue to the ______.
Mandibule
What can a restricted frenulum cause?
Trouble reaching alveolar sounds or with swallowing
What are the passive forces of the Upper Airway Apparatus?
3
Recoil
Surface Tension
Gravity
Aerodynamic (for things like trills)
What are the active forces of the Upper Airway Apparatus?
5
Pharyngeal Muscles
Mandibular Muscles
Tongue Muscles
Face/Lip Muscles
Velum
What is the Upper Airway Apparatus?
The tube above the vocal folds
What are the muscles of the Pharynx?
4
Superior, Middle, & Inferior Constrictor
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Stylopharyngeus
What is the Lumen?
The pharyngeal tube
What do the Constrictors do?
Reduce the size of the lumen
The Superior Constrictor goes from the ______ to the ______.
Posterior Median Raphe
Pterygoid Mandibular Ligament