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Speech Anatomy & Physiology > 3.01 - Phonation A > Flashcards

3.01 - Phonation A Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Power Source for speech?

A

Respiratory System

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2
Q

What is the Sound Source for speech?

A

Phonatory System

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3
Q

What is the Sound Shaper for speech?

A

Articulatory System

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4
Q

The Vocal Folds are ________, ______ structures.

A

Muscular

Vibrating

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5
Q

What is Phonation?

A

The generation of a voiced sound by the vibration of the vocal folds

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6
Q

What is the Glottis?

A

The space between the vocal folds

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7
Q

What is Abduction?

(2)

A

Moving away from the midline

The glottis is open

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8
Q

What is Adduction?

(2)

A

Moving towards the midline

The glottis is closed

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9
Q

What is Cartilage?

A

Nonvascular connective tissue

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10
Q

Cartilage is _____ and ______ than bone.

A

Softer

More flexible

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11
Q

Anterior refers to the ______.

A

Front

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12
Q

Posterior refers to the ______.

A

Back

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13
Q

Lateral refers to the ______.

A

Side

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14
Q

Oblique refers to ______.

Another word for Oblique is ______.

A

Being angled

Diagonal

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15
Q

Midsagittal refers to ______.

A

Being divided in two at the middle

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16
Q

Intrinsic refers to ______.

A

Being fully within

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17
Q

Extrinsic refers to ______.

A

Starting at one end and courses outward

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18
Q

What are the Mucosa?

A

The covering of the oral cavity, nasal cavity, lungs, digestive tract, etc.

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19
Q

The Larynx is a valve that __________, ___________, and __________.

A

Protects the lower airway

Forcefully expels foreign material (cough)

Is a thoracic fixation (holds air in the chest cavity like when you lift something heavy)

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20
Q

The Larynx produces phonation for ______, ______, ______, ______, etc.

A

Speech

Laughing

Crying

Singing

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21
Q

Vocal fold vibration produces a ______ which is a buzz that varies in ______, _______, and _______.

A

Glottal tone

Pitch

Loudness

Quality

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22
Q

Which is the longest cartilage in the Larynx?

A

Thyroid

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23
Q

The Thyroid Cartilage is _____ in the front and sits on top of the __________.

A

Broadest

Cricoid Cartilage

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24
Q

The sides of the Thyroid Cartilage is called the ______.

A

Lamina

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25
Q

The Notch of the Thyroid Cartilage is lowest at the ______.

A

Prominence

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26
Q

What is at the front of the Thyroid Cartilage?

A

Prominence

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27
Q

The Thyroid Cartilage has two sets of _____.

A

Horns

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28
Q

What are the upper horns of the Thyroid Cartilage called?

A

Superior Cornu

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29
Q

What are the lower horns of the Thyroid Cartilage called?

A

Inferior Cornu

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30
Q

A facet is where _______.

A

Something else connects

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31
Q

What is underneath the Thyroid Cartilage’s Prominence?

A

Angle

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32
Q

What are the five cartilages of the Larynx?

What bone is included?

A

Thyroid Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Arytenoid Cartilage

Corniculate Cartilage

Epiglottis

Hyoid Bone

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33
Q

Is the Epiglottis a cartilage?

A

Yes

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34
Q

The Hyoid Bone is shaped like a ______ with the open part in the ______.

A

Horseshoe

Back

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35
Q

What are the Large Horns of the Hyoid Bone called?

A

Greater cornua

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36
Q

What are the Inner Horns of the Hyoid Bone called?

A

Lesser cornua

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37
Q

What is the bulk of the Hyoid called?

A

Body

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38
Q

The horns of the Hyoid bone are attachments for the ______.

A

Muscles

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39
Q

The Cricoid Cartilage is at the base of the ______ and on top of the _______.

A

Larynx

Trachea

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40
Q

The wider/broader part of the Cricoid Cartilage is in the _____.

What is it called?

A

Back

Lamina

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41
Q

The narrower, skinner part of the Cricoid Cartilage is in the _____.

What is it called?

A

Front

Anterior Arch

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42
Q

The UPPER facet of the Cricoid Cartilage is for the ______.

A

Artynoid Cartilage

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43
Q

The LOWER facet of the Cricoid Cartilage is for the ______.

A

Thyroid Cartilage

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44
Q

How many Arytenoid Cartilages are there?

A

Two

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45
Q

What sits on top of the Arytenoid Cartilages?

A

Corniculate Cartilages

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46
Q

The top area of the Arytenoid Cartilage is called the _________. What attaches here?

A

Apex

Corniculate cartilages

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47
Q

The lower point of the Arytenoid Cartilage is called the _______. What attaches here?

A

Vocal process

Thyroarytenoids

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48
Q

What is the heel of the Arytenoid Cartilage called? What attaches here?

A

Muscular process

Abduction/Adductions muscles

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49
Q

The Cuneiform Cartilage is embedded __________________.

A

In the Aryepiglottic Folds (in the back of the larynx)

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50
Q

What is the Tritical Cartilage?

A

A tiny bit of cartilage found between the Superior Cornu of the Thyroid Cartilage & the Hyoid Bone

51
Q

What does the Tritical Cartilage do?

A

Provides some stability we think

52
Q

The Epiglottis is ______ and shaped like _______.

A

Curved

A Cala Lily

53
Q

The ______ surface Epiglottis is near the tongue.

A

Lingual

54
Q

The Epiglottis faces _________.

A

Backward

55
Q

What do joints connect?

A

Bone to Bone

Bone to Cartilage

Cartilage to Cartilage

56
Q

What are the two sets of Laryngeal Joints?

A

Cricothryoids

Cricoarytenoids

57
Q

How many ligaments does the Cricothyroid Joint have?

A

Three

58
Q

How does the Cricothyroid Joint move the Thyroid Cartilage?

A

Rocks it back and forth

Slides it forward and backward

59
Q

How does the Cricoarytenoid Joint move?

(4)

A

It rotates in different directions

It travels in two dimensions at the same time

Down and in - Up and out

Together - Apart

60
Q

The movement of the Arytenoids determine what three things?

A

Vocal fold tension

Vocal fold crosssectional mass

Vocal fold ab/aduction

61
Q

What are the three ligaments of the Cricothyroid Joint?

A

Anterior Ceratocricoid Ligament

Posterior Ceratocricoid Ligament

Lateral Ceratocricoid Ligament

62
Q

What does the Cricothyroid Joint connect?

A

Inferior Cornu of the Thyroid Cartilage

Facet for the Thyroid Cartilage on the Cricoid Cartilage

63
Q

What are the two ligaments of the Cricoarytenoid Joint?

A

Anterior Cricoarytenoid Ligament

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Ligament

64
Q

What does the Cricoarytenoid Joint connect?

A

Facet for the Arytenoid Cartilage on the Cricoid Cartilage

Muscular Process of the Arytenoid Cartilage

65
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Corniculate Cartilage

B = Vocal Process

C = Apex

D = Muscular Process

66
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Vocal Processes

B = Apex

C = Vocal Processes

D = Facets

E = Muscular Process

67
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Hyoid Bone

B = Epiglottis

C = Thyrohyoid Membrane

D = Thyroid Cartilage

E = Vocal Ligament

68
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Arytenoid Cartilage

B = Crico-Arytenoid Joint

C = Cricothyroid Joint

D = Conus elasticus

E = Cricoid Cartilage

F = Tracheal Cartilage

69
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Greater Cornu of Hyoid Bone

B = Lateral Thyrohyoid Ligament

C = Epiglottis

D = Thyroid Cartilage

E = Corniculate Cartilage

F = Arytenoid Cartilage

70
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Vocal Ligament

B = Arytenoid Cartilage

C = Crico-Arytenoid Joing

D = Cricothyroid Joint

E = Cricoid Cartilage

F = Trachea

71
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Anterior Arch

B = Facet for Thyroid Cartilage

C = Facet for Arytenoid Cartilage

D = Facet for Thyroid Cartilage

E = Lamina

F = Lamina

G = Anterior Arch

72
Q

What joint is this?

Label the following:

A

Cricothyroid Joint

A = Anterior Ceratocricoid Ligament

B = Lateral Ceratocricoid Ligament

C = Poterior Ceratocricoid Ligament

73
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Body

B = Lingual Surface

C = Petiolus

74
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Body

B = Laryngeal Surface

C = Petiolus

75
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Lesser Cornua

B = Body

C = Greater Cornua

D = Lesser Cornua

76
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Body

B = Lesser Cornu

C = Greater Cornu

77
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Epiglottis

B = Hyoid Bone

C = Thyroid Cartilage

D = Artenoid Cartilages

E = Cricoid Cartilage

78
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Epiglottis

B = Hyoid Bone

C = Croniculate Cartilages

D = Artenoid Cartilages

E = Thyroid Cartilage

F = Cricoid Cartilage

79
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Hyoid Bone

B = Lesser Cornu

C = Greater Cornu

D = Triticial Cartilage

E = Tubercule of Epiglottis

F = Superior Cornu of Thyroid Cartilage

80
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Right Lamina of Thyroid Cartilage

B = Cuneiform Cartilage

C = Corniculate Cartilage

D = Arytenoid Cartilage

81
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Cricoid Cartilage

B = Inferior Cornu of Thyroid Cartilage

C = Cricotracheal Membrane

D = First Tracheal Cartilage

82
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Epiglottis

B = Hypoepiglottic Ligament

C = Hyoid Bone

D = Thyrohyoid Membrane

E = Thyroid Cartilage Lamina

83
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Corniculate Cartilage

B = Arytenoid Cartilage

C = Muscular Process

D = Vocal Process

E = Vocal Ligament

84
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Thyroepiglottic Ligament

B = Cricothyroid Ligament

C = Cricoid Cartilage

D = Trachea

85
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Laryngeal Ventricle

B = Ventricular Fold

C = Vocal Fold

86
Q

What is this?

Label the following:

A

A VOCAL FOLD

A = Thyroarytenoid

B = Epithelium

C = Deep Layer

D = Intermediate Layer

E = Superficial Layer

87
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Thyroepiglottic Ligament

B = Vocal Ligament

C = Middle Cricothyroid Ligament

88
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Quadrangular Membrane

B = Ventricular Ligament

C = Conus Elasticus

89
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Lateral Cricothyroid Membrane

B = Middle Cricothyroid Ligament

90
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Lateral Hyothyroid Ligament

B = Hyothyroid Membrane

91
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Hyothyroid Ligament

B = Middle Hyothyroid Ligament

C = Cricotracheal Membrane

92
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Ventricular Ligament

B = Vocal Ligament

C = Conus Elasticus

D = Cricoid Cartilage

93
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Quadrangular Membrane

B = Supraglottal Region (Vestibule)

C = Subglottal Region

94
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Ventricular Fold

B = Laryngeal Ventricle

C = Vocal Fold

95
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Epiglottis

B = Ventricular Fold

C = Vocal Fold

96
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Notch

B = Superior Cornu

C = Facets

97
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Superior Cornu

B = Lamina

C = Prominence

D = Angle

E = Inferior Cornu

98
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Prominence

B = Notch

99
Q

Label the following:

A

A = Lamina

B = Facet

100
Q

Ligaments are _____, _____ tissue.

A

Elastic

Connectice

101
Q

Membranes “_____” or “______” organs similarly to the way ______ overlay muscle tissue.

A

Wrap

Shrink-wrap

Fascia

102
Q

The Quadrangular Membrane is at the ______ part of the larynx and ______.

A

Top part

Encases muscle

103
Q

The Quadrangular Membrane is superficial tissue in the ________.

A

Vestibule

104
Q

The Conus Elasticus is located at the ______ of the vocal folds and _______.

A

Superior Border

Encases muscle

105
Q

The Conus Elasticus is superficial tissue in the _______.

A

Subglottal space

106
Q

What does the Thyroepiglottic Ligament connect?

A

Thyroid -> Petiolus of the Epiglottis

107
Q

What is the middle part of the larynx called? Does it have a membrane?

A

Ventricle

No

108
Q

What is the upper part of the larynx called? Does it have a membrane?

A

Supraglottal region / Vestibule

Yes - Quadrangular Membrane

109
Q

What is the lower part of the larynx called? Does it have membrane?

A

Subglottal region

Yes - Conus Elasticus

110
Q

What does the ventricle do?

A

Emits mucus

111
Q

Where is the Middle Cricoid Ligament? What does it connect?

A

In the middle of the cricoid

Cricoid to Thyroid

112
Q

What does the Vocal Ligament connect?

A

Angle of Thyroid to Arynoid

113
Q

The Vocal Ligament courses ______. Below it there is ____. The upper part is called the ______.

A

Medially

Muscle

Conus Elasticus

114
Q

What is the Aditus?

A

The opening to the larynx

115
Q

Which folds have mucous membranes: the vocal folds or the ventricular folds?

A

Vocal Folds

116
Q

The vocal process is where the _____ connect to the ______.

A

Arytenoids

Vocal ligaments

117
Q

Are there differing opinions on where the Conus Elasticus is?

A

Yes

118
Q

What are the three layers to the vocal fold cover?

A

Squamous Epithelium

Superficial Lamina Properia

Intermediate Lamina Properia

119
Q

What are the two body layers to the vocal folds?

A

Deep Lamina Propria

Muscle

120
Q

What muscle is in the vocal folds?

A

Thyroarytenoid

121
Q

The layers of the vocal fold cover are ______ but the layers of the body are _____. Why?

A

Loose

Stiff

It causes them to vibrate in different phases creating a mucosal wave

122
Q

Something stiff vibrates with a ______. Something loose vibrates with a ______.

A

Lower frequency (slow)

Higher frequency (fast)

123
Q

What does Schwaebbelkuechli mean?

A

Wiggle Cake

124
Q

What joint is this?

Label the following:

A

A = Anterior Cricoarytenoid Ligament

B = Posterior Cricoarytenoid Ligament

Speech Anatomy & Physiology (15 decks)

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