4. Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

(3) parts of the brainstem

A

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla

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2
Q

(6) Major Lobes of the brain

A

Frontal, Limbic, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Cerebellum

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3
Q

(6) Fontanels in an infant’s skull

A

Anterior Fontanel
Posterior Fontanel
(2) Anterolateral Fontanel
(2) Postlateral Fontanel

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4
Q

-lalia

A

Babble or Speech

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5
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Controls involuntary responses; consists of Sympathetic division and Parasympathetic division

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6
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Linked to the thalamus at the base of the brain, involved in the coordination of movement.

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7
Q

Cauda Equina

A

Consists of the second through fifth lumbar nerves, five sacral nerves, and the coccygeal nerve.

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8
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Consists of brain and spinal cord

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9
Q

Craniotomy

A

Surgical opening into the skull

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10
Q

Definition: Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy

A

Removal of pituitary tumors

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11
Q

Discectomy

A

Surgical excision of an intervertebral disc

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12
Q

Epidural

A

Pertaining to above or outside the dura mater

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13
Q

Gray matter

A

Axons that are not covered in myelin

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14
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Paralysis on one side of the body

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15
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of the body

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16
Q

Intrathecal administration

A

Injection into the spinal canal or subarachnoid space

17
Q

Laminae

A

Small ridged areas midway between the spinous process, the transverse process and the vertebral arch.

18
Q

Laminectomy

A

Removal of the laminae and the entire posterior portion of the vertebra

19
Q

Laminotomy

A

Partial excision of one or lamina for nerve decompression

20
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A

Bundle of nerves that extend from the base of the brain downward to the conus medullaris

21
Q

Most common disability following stroke

A

Hemiplegia - complete paralysis on one side of the body

22
Q

Most prevalent type of stroke

23
Q

Myelin

A

Substance that covers some axons to insulate protect and assist in electrical conduction

24
Q

Nerve Cell Anatomy

A

Nucleus surrounded by soma with dentrites emerging. Axion consists of Scwann cells in myelin ending in axon terminal

25
Neurorrhaphy
Repair of severed nerve by suture, graft or synthetic conduit
26
Nodes of Ranier
Appear between the schwan cells on axons.
27
Peripheral Nervous System
Consists of motor neurons and sensory neurons
28
radiculo-
spinal nerve root
29
Sinous Process
Posterior projection of the vertebra
30
Somatic nervous system
Controls voluntary movements
31
Spinal Cord nerve segments
Seven cervical segments - 8 pairs of cervical nerves 12 thoracic segments - 12 pairs of thoracic nerves 5 lumber segments - 5 pairs of lumbar nerves 5 sacral segments - 5 pairs of sacral nerves 3-5 coccygeal segments (fused) - 1 pair of coccygeal nerves
32
Synapse
Minute space between dendrite of one cell and synaptic bulbs of another
33
Three main function of the spinal cord
Conduit for motor information Conduit for sensory information Coordinating reflexes
34
Transverse Processes
Projections on either side of the vertebra
35
Vertebral Foramen
passageway of the vertebral segments through which the spinal cord passes
36
Z joints
Zygapophseal joints - located on the posterior spine on each side of the vertebrae where it overlaps the neighboring vertebrae