2. Integument Flashcards
-malacia
Softening
Hidro-
Sweat; perspiration
Onycho-
Nails
Layers of the Skin
Epidermis
Dermis
Layers of Epidermis (from young to old)
Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum
Granules of Stratum Granulosum
Keratohyalin (secrete Keratin)
Lamellated (secrete Lipids)
Dermis contains:
Blood vessels
Lymph vessels
Hair follicles
Sweat glands
Collagen bundles
Fibroblasts
Nerves
Sebaceous Glands
Fibroblasts
Produces collagen & fiber that make up the skin
Stratum of dermis
Stratum papillare - thin external layer woven with the epidermis
Stratum reticulare - Thick layer of dense connective tissue
Hypo-dermis
Subcutaneous fat layer composed of a weave of collagen and fat cells.
Skin Tag
Acrochordon
3 major types of skin cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (most common)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Melanoma
Hair Shaft Structure
Follicle
* Medulla (inner core)
* Cortex
* Cuticle
Sebaceous gland
Arrector pili muscle
Sweat Gland types
Eccrine - secrete water and electrolytes
Apocrine - secrete steroids, proteins, and lipids
Apoeccrine - secretes watery fluids
Sebaceous glands
Secrete lipid-rich sebum to lubricate both hair and skin
Furuncle
absecess or boil
cluster of boiles: carbuncle
Erythema
Redness of skin or mucous membranes
Pityriasis Rosea
Young adults; small but itchy lesion with headache, sore throat and fatigue.
Lichen Planus
benign; hyperpigmentation, pruritus and swelling
Acne Rosacea
Chronic inflammation on face, red and itchy pusutles
Rule of Nines
Body is divided into 11 areas of 9 percent each
Decubitus ulcers
Bedsores or Pressure ulcers
Venous Stasis Ulcers
Blood collects in the lower legs, causing them to swell. Ulcers can occur from the pressure
Neuropathic skin ulcers
Complication of diabetes mellitus; due to diabetic neuropathy which keeps patients from realizing they have a smaller wound. These can turn into ulcers.
Breast Fibroadenoma
fibrous, benign growth
Breast cyst
Fluid-filled sac, painful, but not harmful
Breast Abscess
Infection creating a collection of pus. May be resolved with antibiotics or incision and drainage
Fibrocystic breast disease
Increase if fibrous and glandular tissues; benign
Breast tumors
May be precancerous or cancerous. Mammogram and biopsy are necessary for definitive diagnosis.
Sequential Compression Device (SCD)
Sequential Compression device to prevent embolism or DVT during surgery
Thromboembolic deterrent (TED)
Stockings used to prevent embolism during surgery
Needle Biopsy is also known as a
Percutaneous tissue biopsy
Skin Biopsy types
Shave biopsy
Punch biopsy
Incisional biopsy
Excisional biopsy
Undermining in skin repair
A technique of dissecting the underlying connective tissue free from its attachments to loosen the wound edges and reduce tension.
Single layer closure
Uses only the non-dissolving type of suture in the epidermis
Layer closure
Placing one layer of dissolvable sutures buried in the dermis or deeper tissue layer, followed by either dissolving or non-dissolving suture under minimal tension to neatly oppose the epidermis.
Actinic Keratosis
Precancerous condition caused by sun exposure
Bulla
Raiser, fluid filled lesion larger than a vesicle
Ecchymosis
Bleeding beneath the skin causing discoloration
Eschar
Burn damaged skin becomes necrotic
Granulation tissue
As part of healing the open wound appears pink/red moist
Keloid scar
Hypertrophic scar tissue - an excess growth of connective tissue that forms over the injured skin
Lupus erythematosus
(SLE) Chronic auto-immune disease affecting connective tissue
Pediculosis
Lice infestation
Nevus
Mole; birthmark; beauty mark - chronic lesion of the skin or mucosa
