4: Histo Of The Esophagus And Stomach Flashcards
Four types of mucosa linings
Protective, secretory, absorptive, absorptive/protective
Three places protective mucosa is found
Oral cavity, pharynx, anal canal
Enteric NS two parts
Meissner’s plexus + myenteric plexus
Regulation of the enteric NS
By preganglionic parasymps (vagus and pelvic nerves) + post-ganglionic symps
Symps vs parasymps on the GI function
Symps: decrease motility
Parasymps: increase motility
Enteroendocrine cells
Scattered epithelial cells in gastric mucosa that produce different hormones
What type of cell are most enteroendocrine cells considered?
APUD cells (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) (process amines)
Closed vs open enteroendocrine cells
Closed: apex is covered by neighboring ep cells, not exposed to GI lumen
Open: apical end contacts lumen, can sample lumen contents
Examples of effects of homrones from enteroendocrine cells
Peristalsis regulation, enzyme/water/electrolyte secretion, sense of satiation after eating
Esophageal varices
Dilation of venous plexuses in submucosa of esophagus due to increased pressure
GERD can cause…?
Chronic inflammation, ulceration, dysphagia, and Barrett’s esophagus
Barrett’s esophagus transition
Non-keratinized stratified squamous ep in transition zone becomes columnar epithelia
Four regions of the stomach
Cardia, fundus, body, pyloris
Rugae
Longitudinal folds of gastric mucosa that expand during filling of stomach, covered by gastric pits
Gastric ulcers
Painful erosive lesions of mucosa that may extend into deeper layers
