14: Regulation Of Food Intake Flashcards
Five hypothalamic areas involved in feeding and satiety
lateral nucleus, ventromedial nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus, arcuate nucleus
Mutations in what part of the arcuate nucleus are present in some cases of obesity
Mutations in POMC or MCR-4 genes
How hindbrain can regulate food intake
In response to peripheral signals, even in absence of higher center’s input
What happens if vagus N activity is blocked
Amount of material in stomach wont influence meal size
What is increased food intake associated with in pts with DM 1?
Decreased insulin
Adipose vs gut hormones in regulation
Adipose signals are for long-term energy regulation; gut hormones regulate on a meal-by-meal basis
Therapy for children with congenital leptin deficiency
SubQ admin of recombinant leptin -> reduces fat mass, hyperinsulinemia, HLD
Leptin association in most obese individuals
Leptin resistance
What can anorexia nervosa cause?
Endocrinological and cardiac dysfunctions, abnormalities with GI, skeletal, and reproductive systems
Four biological factors that support restrictive eating habits like in anorexia nervosa
- Polymorphisms in genes involving eating attitudes and regulation
- Reduced leptin secretion (due to reduced fat mass)
- Ghrelin resistance
- Elevated PYY
Leptin or leptin receptor deficiency symptoms
- Early onset obesity
- Infertility
- Hyperphagia
- Infections
MCR4 gene mutation
early onset obesity, increased linear growth, hyperphagia, hyperinsulinemia; most common known genetic cause of obesity
Prader Willi syndrome
neonatal hypotonia, slow infant growth, mental retardation, hypogonadism, hyperphagia, severe obesity
POMC deficiency
obesity, red hair, adrenal insufficiency due to ACTH deficiency, hyperproinsulinemia, hyperphagia, pale skin
