4 (C) Brocas Lesions

Question 1

Which is thicker, primary cortex or the sensory cortex?

Answer 1

Primary Motor Cortex > Sensory cortex

Question 2

Limbic system (3) in terms of gyri

Answer 2

Cingulate Gyri

Uncus

Parahippocampal gyrus

Question 3

Uncal Herniation involves what?

Answer 3

Uncus enters cerebellum via tentorium cerebelli

Question 4

Tonsillar Herniation involves what?

Answer 4

Cerebellum enters through Foramen Magnum

Question 5

Visual –> what cortical area

Answer 5

Either side of calcarine sulcus

Question 6

Auditory –> what cortical area

Answer 6

Heschl’s gyrus (sup. temporal gyrus)

Question 7

Olfactory –> what cortical area

Answer 7

Uncus

Question 8

Gustatory –> what cortical area

Answer 8

Inferior post-central gyrus

Question 9

Secondary projection areas use what type of fibres

Answer 9

Association fibres

Question 10

The association motor areas use what tracts?

Answer 10

Corticospinal + corticobulbar tracts

Question 11

BA6 is involved with storing what?

Answer 11

Complex motor activities

Question 12

BA 8 is involved with what

Answer 12

Voluntary scanning movements of eyes

Question 13

Brocas area regulates what

Answer 13

Breathing + Volcalization

Question 14

The VPL + VPM can be found where

Answer 14

Thalamus

Question 15

The lateral VPL receives input from where?

Answer 15

Leg

Question 16

Where does lateral VPL project to?

Answer 16

Midline region

Question 17

Medial VPL receives input from where?

Answer 17

Arm

Question 18

Where does medial VPL project to

Answer 18

Lateral region

Question 19

VPM receives input from where?

Answer 19

Face

Question 20

Where does VPM project to?

Answer 20

Lateral Region

Question 21

A lesion in the superior parietal lobe (Association somatosensory area) can lead to what

Answer 21

Tactile Agnosia

Question 22

Primary auditory cortex gyrus =>

Answer 22

Heschl’s gyrus

Question 23

What type of organisation is present in Heschl’s gyrus

Answer 23

Tonotopically

Question 24

Lesion around calcarine sulcus affecting the association pathway, could lead to what?

Answer 24

prosopagnosia

Question 25

The insula is what?

Answer 25

Taste Cortex

Question 26

What does the insula extend from?

Answer 26

Inferior margin of post central gyrus

Question 27

For general association, the pre frontal cortex is involved with (3)

Answer 27

Regulating mood / feelings

Higher order cognitive functions

Conceptualization + planning

Question 28

For general association, the parieto-temporal cortex does what (2)

Answer 28

Integrates info from different modalities

Involved in memory

Question 29

What is lesioned in conduction aphasia?

Answer 29

Arcuate Fasciculus

Question 30

What happens in conduction aphasia

Answer 30

Inability to repeat back words

Question 31

Apraxia

What area (typically) is damaged

Answer 31

Inability to perform purposeful / learned skilled movements

Precentral Gyrus

Question 32

Aphasia

What area (typically) is damaged?

Answer 32

Impaired ability to use language

Broca’s // Wernicks

Question 33

Agnosia

what area (typically) is damaged?

Answer 33

Normal perception stripped of its meaning

Somatosensory association cortex

Question 34

where are most cell bodies of trigeminal sensory fibres located

Answer 34

pons

Question 35

Bells Palsy

Answer 35

Paralysis of facial nerve = dropping of one side face

Question 36

Stroke vs Bells Palsy

Answer 36

Stroke patients can close eyes tightly and wrinkle forehead

Question 37

Speech areas in the brain are contralateral to what?

Answer 37

Dominant hand

Question 38

Berry aneurysm leads to what type of haemorrhage

Answer 38

Subarachnoid