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yr2 Control + Movement > 3 (C) Thalamus + CN > Flashcards

3 (C) Thalamus + CN Flashcards

1
Q

Lamina Terminalis role

A

Becomes corpus callosum from telecephalon

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2
Q

Subthalamus is a part of what and is involved with?

A

Basal Ganglia + Motor control

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3
Q

The epithalamus includes what key structure involved in secreating melatonin

A

Pineal Gland

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4
Q

The interthalamic adhesion is found where

What other key structure is found there

A

Between both thalami

3rd ventricle

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5
Q

The thalamus process all but what sense?

A

Olfactory

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6
Q

The anterior Nuclear Group of the thalamus projects to where?

A

Cingulate Cortex

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7
Q

`The lateral nuclear group of the thalamus projects to where? (4)

A

Premotor cortex

Primary Motor cortex

Somatosensory cortex

Visual + Auditory cortex

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8
Q

The medial nuclear group projects where

A

Prefrontal cortex

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9
Q

Corpus Striatum is a collective term for what key structures

A

Lentiform nucleus

Caudate nucleus

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10
Q

The lentiform nucleus consists of what 2 structures

A

Putamen

Globus Pallidus (little nucleus bit)

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11
Q

The caudate nucleus forms what of the lateral horn

A

Caudate nucleus forms roof of inferior horn of lateral ventricle

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12
Q

Corpus striatum is involved with what?

A

Basal ganglia –> Motor control

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13
Q

What 3 structures are involved in the limbic system

A

Hippocampus // Fornyx // Amygdala

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14
Q

What is the role of the forynx?

A

Efferent fibres from hippocampus to hypothalamus

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15
Q

The hippocampus forms what in relation to the lateral ventricle

A

Floor

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16
Q

Association fibres do what?

A

Interconnect within a hemisphere // adjacent gyri

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17
Q

Commissural fibres do what?

A

connect both hemispheres together –> Corpus Callosum

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18
Q

Projection fibres do what?

Name 2 structures involved

A

Connect cerebrum with rest of CNS

  • -> Corona Radiata
  • -> Internal Capsule
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19
Q

What is the brainstem split into (3 sections)

–> NOT PONS / MEDULLA ETC

A

Tectum

Tegmentum

Basal Areas

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20
Q

What 4 key structures are found in the Tegmentum

A

Red nucleus // Substantia Nigra // Reticular Formation // CN Nuclei

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21
Q

Superior + Inferior Colliculi can be found in what section of the brain stem?

A

Tectum

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22
Q

Gracile tubercle are the dorsal what?

A

Pyramids

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23
Q

Cuneate Tubercle are the dorsal what?

A

Olives

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24
Q

What is the obex?

A

where 4th ventricle becomes central canal

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25
Q

the 2 pyramids in the ventral brainstem contain what?

A

Descending motor pathways

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26
Q

What CN is found in the anterolateral sulcus?

A

Hypoglossal (12)

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27
Q

What CN’s are found in the posterolateral sulcus?

A

Glossopharyngeal (9) // Vagus (10) // Accessory (11)

9 / 10 / 11

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28
Q

What three key junctions are found at the pons

A

Pontomedullary junction

Ponto-mesencephalic

Cerebellopontine Angle

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29
Q

What CN emerge from the pontomedullary junction?

A

6

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30
Q

what CN emerge from the ponto-mesencephalic?

A

3 / 4 / 5

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31
Q

what is the cerebellopontine angle

A

Pons Cerebellum

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32
Q

The superior peduncles connect what?

A

Midbrain -> Cerebellum

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33
Q

The inferior peduncles connect what?

A

Medulla Obla. –> Cerebellum

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34
Q

The medial peduncles connect what?

A

Pons –> Cerebellum

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35
Q

Where is the interpedicular fossa found at?

What emerges from this?

A

Anterior Midbrain

Oculomotor nerve (3)

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36
Q

Superior Colliculi are associated with what in the brainstem?

A

visual Pathway

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37
Q

Inferior Colliculi are associated with what in the brainstem?

A

Auditory pathway

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38
Q

Which cranial nerve emerges from the dorsal surface of the midbrain (only CN)?

A

Trochlear Nerve (4)

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39
Q

Sensory nuclei are found in what part of the brainstem?

A

Laterally

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40
Q

Motor nuclei are found in what part of the brainstem?

A

Medially

–> M for medial

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41
Q

What key structure does the olfactory bulb attach to from the olfactory tube which includes the foramina?

A

Cribriform plate

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42
Q

CN1 is an extension of what?

A

Telencephalon

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43
Q

CN1 is derived from what which makes it part of CNS?

A

Forebrain

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44
Q

Visual information from CN2 go to what after the optic chiasma?

45
Q

CN 2 is an extension of what?

A

Diencephalon

46
Q

What foramina does the optic nerve go through?

A

Optic Canal

47
Q

Where does the CN3 emerge from?

A

Pontomesencephalic Junction

48
Q

What somatic function does the CN3 have?

A

Occulomotor muscles

49
Q

What visceral function does the CN3 have?

A

PNS of ciliary + Sphincter muscle (constrict eyelids)

50
Q

What foramina does CN3 go through in the skull?

A

Superior Oblique Foramen (SOF)

51
Q

CN4 innervates what muscle?

A

Superior Oblique (SO4)

52
Q

CN4 passes through what foramina?

53
Q

CN6 (abducens) emerges from where?

A

Pontomedullary Junction

54
Q

CN6 innervates what muscle?

55
Q

CN6 goes through what foramina?

56
Q

Which trigeminal branch goes through the superior oblique foramen?

A

V1

3 / 4 / V1 / 6

57
Q

Closing eyes is done with what muscle and is innervated by what?

A

Orbicularis Oculi

Facial Nerve (7)

58
Q

Opening eyes is done with what muscle and is innervated by what?

A

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

Occulomotor (3)

59
Q

V2 of CN 5 goes through what foraman?

A

Foramen Rotundum

2 rotors found on a helicopter

60
Q

Foramen Ovale houses what CN?

61
Q

Corneal flex test is used on what CN?

62
Q

V1 + V2 have only what?

A

Somatic sensation on face

63
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue is supplied by what for somatic sensation?

64
Q

What specific nerve that derives from V3 supplies the 2/3 of tongue?

A

Lingual Nerve

65
Q

Which belly of digastric muscle does V3 support?

A

Anterior

post = facial

66
Q

Facial Nerve (7) emerges from what?

A

Cerebellopontine angle

67
Q

What foramen (2) does the facial nerve enter and exit from?

A

Internal Acoustic meatus (enter)

stylomastoid foramen (Exits)

68
Q

Does the skin of ear innervated by the facial nerve?

69
Q

What specific nerve from the facial nerve innervates 2/3 anterior tongue that involves taste?

A

Chorda Tympani

70
Q

What nucleus is involved in lacrimation for eyes and nose that derives from the facial nerve?

A

Pterygo-palatine nucleus

71
Q

What 2 nuclei are involved in the salivation of the mouth that derive from the facial nerve?

A

Submandibular + Sublingual

72
Q

CN8 (vestibulocochlear) emerges from what?

A

cerebellopontine angle

–> 7 / 8

73
Q

What 2 nerves come from the cerebellopontine angle?

74
Q

What foramina does CN8 go through?

A

Internal acoustic meatus (IAM)

75
Q

The glossopharyngeal (9) innervates how much of the tongue for taste? Whats the other part done by?

A

Posterior 1/3 = CN9

2/3 = Chorda Tympani (CN7)

76
Q

What nucleus is present for the parotid gland?

What nerve innervates this?

A

Otic Nucleus

CN9

Post ganglionic -> V3

77
Q

Which nerve is involved with detecting O2 + BP from carotid bodies

78
Q

is the epiglottis have innervation from the vagus?

79
Q

The accessory nerve can be found in what anatomical triangle

A

Posterior triangle

80
Q

What nerves pass through the jugular foramen?

A

9 / 10 / 11

81
Q

Where does CN12 go through foramen

A

Hypoglossal Canal (HC)

Special kid with its own foramen

82
Q

Where does CN12 go to innervate

A

Muscle of tongue

83
Q

Side of deviation indicates what? (tongue)

A

Same side paralysis on tongue

84
Q

How does CN12 innervate the tongue

A

Protrudes tongue out

85
Q

Angle between Midbrain + Diencephalon is called what?

A

cephalic fixture (100*)

86
Q

Pre central gyri function

A

Primary motor cortex

87
Q

Post central gyri function

A

Primary somatosensory

88
Q

Name of dural septum that separates two cerebral hemispheres

A

Falx cerebri

89
Q

Dural septum that seperates occipital lobes of hemispheres + cerebellum

A

Tentorium cerebelli

90
Q

Epidural Haemorrhage is caused by tear in what?

A

Meningeal Artery

91
Q

Subdural haemorrhage is caused by what?

A

Torn bridging vein

92
Q

Subarachnoid haemorrhage is caused by what?

A

Torn cerebral artery

93
Q

The opthalmic artery stems from what?

A

Internal carotid artery

94
Q

Draw out the full circle of willis Incl:

  • ->Ant spinal artery
  • -> Post inferior cerebellar artery
  • -> Ant. inf. cerebellar artery
  • -> Sup.ceerebellar artery
  • -> Opthalmic artery
95
Q

Striate arteries supply what?

A

deep structures

  • -> basal ganglia
  • -> Internal capsule
96
Q

Deep veins –> _____ –> _______ –> ______ –> Conf.

A

DV -> Internal Cerebral V. -> Galen Vein -> Straight Sinus

97
Q

Sigmoid sinus is found after what?

A

Confluence –> Transverse –> Sigmoid –> Internal Jug.

98
Q

Berry aneurysm is common where?

A

Anterior communication artery

99
Q

What is the highest cause of comatosing patients

*CL

A

Metabolic cause

100
Q

Locked in Syndrome is what?

*CL

A

aware + awake + able to breath

Cant move // Speak

101
Q

Locked in syndrome is caused by damage to what?

*CL

A

Ventral Pons

102
Q

A vegetative state is caused by destruction of what?

*CL

A

Cortex + hemispheres

103
Q

hypoglossal canal is located in which bone?

104
Q

occlusion of the basillar artery would lead to what?

A

lack of movement coordination

105
Q

lentiform nucleus is directly supplied by what

A

middle cerebral artery

106
Q

draw out corpus callosum

107
Q

tectum is primary found where?

108
Q

if descending motor tracts are damaged, what area of the brainstem do you suspect is damaged?

A

Basal Area

109
Q

General association cortex is responsible for:

A

integrating different types of information

yr2 Control + Movement (24 decks)

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