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yr2 Control + Movement > 1 (C) Skull Bones Meninges > Flashcards

1 (C) Skull Bones Meninges Flashcards

Meninges + skull + head / neck

1
Q

From Outer to Inner, what are the 3 layers of the meninges layer

A

Dura Mater

Arachnoid Mater

Pia Mater

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2
Q

How many layers does the Dura mater have?

A

2

Periosteal dura mater
Meningeal dura mater

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3
Q

falx cerebelli seperates what

A

seperates 2 cerebella

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4
Q

Real vs potential spaces

A

Real spaces are spaces that exist

Potential spaces only form during pathology

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5
Q

CSF flows through what

A

subarachnoid space

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6
Q

Cerebral aquaduct connects what

A

3rd –> 4th ventricle

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7
Q

berry aneurysm

A

Abnormal dilatations around circle of Willis

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8
Q

What are watershed areas

A

Regions of brain that receive bs from distal arteries

has a dual supply

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9
Q

an epidural haemorrhage occurs from what?

A

Torn meningeal artery

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10
Q

Subdural haemorrhage occurs from what

A

torn bridging vein

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11
Q

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

torn cerebral artery

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12
Q

name the 2 potential spaces in the cranial Dura

A

Epidural Space + Subdural Space

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13
Q

Name the 2 real spaces in the spinal cord meninges

A

Epidural + subarachnoid space

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14
Q

Choroid Plexus Does what

A

produces csf

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15
Q

What are cisterns

A

Expansions of subarachnoid space = CSF exits to vascular system

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16
Q

Vertebral Artery stems from what artery

A

subclavian

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17
Q

vertebral artery goes through what foramen

A

foramen magnum

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18
Q

Internal carotid goes through what in the skull

A

carotid canal

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19
Q

ACA (anterior cerebral artery) supplies what (2)

What main structure does it also supply

A

Superior + medial of frontal lobe + parietal lobe

Corpus Callosum

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20
Q

MCA (Middle cerebral artery) supplies what (3)

A

Lateral areas of

  • -> Frontal
  • -> Temporal
  • -> Parietal
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21
Q

PCA (Posterior cerebral artery) supplies what (2)

A

Occipital Lobe

Inferior + medial temporal lobe

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22
Q

Proencephalon forms what 2 secondary brain structures

A

telencephalon

diencephalon

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23
Q

Telencephalon forms what

A

cerebral hemispheres

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24
Q

Diencephalon forms what (2)

A

Hypothalamus

thalamus

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25
Q

Mesencephalon forms what

A

Mesencephalon -> Midbrain

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26
Q

Rhombocephalon forms what 2 secondary structures

A

Metencephalon + Myelencephalon

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27
Q

Metencephalon goes to form what?

A

pons + cerebellum

28
Q

Myelencephalon goes to form what

A

medulla oblongata

29
Q

Identify on complete anatomy

Zygomatic 
Maxilliary 
Sphenoid
Mastoid process
Styloid process
A

-

30
Q

What is the weakest part of the skull?

A

Pterion

31
Q

What is under the pterion?

What type of haematoma can it lead to?

A

Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA)

Epidural Haematoma

32
Q

Ridges of the brain are called?

A

Gyri

33
Q

Grooves of the brain are called?

A

Sulci

34
Q

Lateral fissure seperates what lobes

A

Frontal + temporal

35
Q

Central fissure seperates what lobes

A

Frontal + parietal

36
Q

Anterior triangle of the neck boundaries?

Base
Post boundary
Ant boundary

A

Mandible

Sternocleidomastoid (ant part)

Midline neck

37
Q

What are the contents of the ant. triangle of neck? (4)

A

Internal Jugular vein

Hyoid muscles (supra / infra)

Common carotid

Thyroid Lobes

38
Q

Posterior Triangle of neck boundaries?

Base
Post
Ant

A

Clavicle

Ant. margin of trapezius

Post margin of sternocleidomastoid

39
Q

What are the contents of the post.triangle of neck (4)

A

Trunks of Brachial Plexus

spinal accessory nerve

Inferior belly of omohyoid muscle

External jugular vein

40
Q

What is the role of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Depresses larynx during swallowing

41
Q

What innervates the infrahyoid muscle? What is the exception?

A

Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)

Thyrohoid muscle is innervated by Hypoglossal + C1

42
Q

What are the deep muscles of infrahyoid muscle?

What are the superficial muscles of infrahyoid muscle?

A

Sternohyoid + Thyrohoid

Omohyoid + Sternothyroid

43
Q

What is the role of the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Elevates hyoid bone during swallowing

44
Q

What are the muscles of the suprahyoid muscle? (4)

A

Digastric muscles

Mylohoid muscle

Geniohyoid muscle

Stylohoid muscle

45
Q

During the voluntary stage of swallowing (1st), what happens to the larynx

A

It raises

46
Q

During the involuntary stage of swallowing (2nd), what happens to the larynx

A

It depresses

47
Q

What is the involuntary stage of swallowing controlled by? (2)

A

CN 9 + 10

48
Q

Anterior spinal artery stems from what?

A

Vertebral artery

49
Q

the forebrain consists of what?

A

Proencephalon -> Telecephalon + diencephalon

50
Q

what occupies the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Cerebellum

51
Q

which 4 bones converge on pterion

A

Frontal

Parietal

Temporal

Sphenoid

52
Q

Contents of Foramen Magnum? (4)

A

medulla oblongata
spinal root of cranial nerve XI
vertebral arteries
anterior and posterior spinal arteries

53
Q

What nerve innervates the intrinsic muscle of thee larynx

A

Vagus nerve –> Superior + Recurrent laryngeal muscle

54
Q

Cricothyroid muscle in the larynx is innervated by what

A

Superior Laryngeal Nerve

55
Q

All muscles except the cricothyroid muscle in the larynx are innervated by what

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

56
Q

What 3 contents are in the carotid sheath

A

common carotid artery

Internal jugular vein

Vagus nerve

57
Q

at what level does the vertebral artery bifurcate to form the basillar artery?

A

Medulla + Pons

58
Q

Which arteries does not supply the cerebellum?

A

Middle Cerebellar

59
Q

what is a dural venous sinus

A

system that allows blood to return to venous system

60
Q

dural fold that passes between the cerebellum and the cerebrum?

A

Tentorium Cerebelli

61
Q

dural venous sinus is located within the inferior edge of the falx cerebri

A

inferior sagital sinus

62
Q

Draw out the dural venous system

inferior / superior sagital sinus
confluence of sinuses
Straight sinus
transverse sinus
where  it all drains into via what
A

drains into internal jug via jugular foramen

63
Q

stylomastoid formaen has openning for what?

A

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

64
Q

thyroid gland receives blood supply from what

A

external carotid

65
Q

what passes through the jugular foramen nerves (3)

A

accessory nerve
Vagus
glossopharyngeal

–> 9 / 10 / 11

66
Q

superior thyroid artery comes from where?

Inferior thyroid artery comes from what?

A

External carotid

Sub clav

yr2 Control + Movement (24 decks)

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