4 Flashcards
1
Q
- Which of the following is a major advantage of microscopy in clinical diagnostics?
a) It provides results in a few days
b) It can provide results the same day
c) It requires extensive laboratory preparation
d) It is used only for viral infections
A
B
2
Q
- What is the primary purpose of the Ziehl-Neelsen stain?
a) To detect the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae
b) To identify the presence of tuberculosis bacteria
c) To differentiate between viral and bacterial infections
d) To isolate and culture fungal pathogens
A
B
3
Q
- Which of the following is an antigen detection method used for diagnosing Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)?
a) Urinary Pneumococcal Antigen detection
b) PCR for influenza virus
c) Acid-fast stain for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
d) Culture on Sabouraud agar
A
A
4
Q
- What is the significance of glutamate dehydrogenase detection in stool?
a) It indicates a viral gastrointestinal infection
b) It is a specific marker for Clostridium difficile infection
c) It is used to diagnose tuberculosis
d) It is a common marker for viral infections like HIV
A
B
5
Q
- Which of the following is the most common method used for diagnosing malaria?
a) Microscopy of blood smears
b) PCR analysis for Plasmodium DNA
c) Antigen detection in urine
d) Viral culture of blood
A
A
6
Q
- What is the primary diagnostic tool for detecting bacterial species after culturing on agar plates?
a) Microscopy
b) Antigen detection
c) Culture and identification
d) Serology
A
C
7
Q
- What is the role of the ‘Time of Flight’ (TOF) technique in clinical diagnostics?
a) To rapidly identify viral pathogens in blood samples
b) To diagnose bacterial infections based on colony appearance
c) To provide highly specific organism identification in microbial diagnostics
d) To analyze the genetic material of pathogens
A
C
8
Q
- Which of the following is most commonly used for diagnosing blood-borne viral infections such as HIV or Hepatitis B?
a) Antigen detection
b) Microscopy
c) Serology (IgM and IgG detection)
d) Culture on agar plates
A
C
9
Q
- Why is it important to collect a specimen before antibiotics are administered?
a) Antibiotics may not affect the pathogen, so specimens can be collected at any time
b) Antibiotics can interfere with laboratory test results and alter the identification of pathogens
c) Specimens can only be collected after antibiotic treatment is initiated
d) Antibiotics ensure that the pathogen is completely eliminated before diagnosis
A
B
10
Q
- When is it particularly important to inform the laboratory about an urgent specimen?
a) For a routine blood sample
b) For samples from suspected viral infections
c) For cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in cases of potential meningitis
d) For stool samples in cases of gastrointestinal illness
A
C
11
Q
- What type of specimen is most commonly associated with diagnosing gastrointestinal infections caused by Giardia?
a) Blood sample
b) Urine sample
c) Stool sample
d) Cerebrospinal fluid sample
A
C
12
Q
- What is a key characteristic of serology when used in clinical diagnostics?
a) It provides immediate results during the examination
b) It is used primarily for detecting bacterial infections
c) It is commonly used for diagnosing blood-borne viral infections
d) It is most useful in detecting parasitic infections
A
C
13
Q
- What is the main diagnostic approach used for detecting Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients who might benefit from a vaccination program?
a) PCR testing
b) Blood culture and serology
c) Antigen detection in urine
d) Microscopy of sputum samples
A
B
14
Q
- Why must specimens such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) be transported promptly to the laboratory?
a) To ensure the pathogen is cultured properly
b) To avoid contamination by other microorganisms
c) To facilitate rapid diagnosis of potentially life-threatening conditions such as meningitis
d) To ensure the specimen is correctly labeled for future testing
A
C
15
Q
- Which diagnostic method is commonly used in parasitology to identify malaria?
a) Antigen detection
b) Microscopy of blood samples
c) Serology
d) PCR for DNA of the parasite
A
B
16
Q
- What is the primary advantage of antigen detection tests in diagnosing infections such as C. difficile?
a) They provide highly sensitive and specific identification of the pathogen
b) They culture the pathogen for further analysis
c) They are most useful for diagnosing viral infections
d) They are used for long-term monitoring of chronic infections
A
A
17
Q
- Which of the following is most commonly used for diagnosing bacterial infections such as Streptococcus pneumoniae in clinical practice?
a) Serology
b) Microscopy
c) Culture on agar plates
d) Antigen detection
A
D
18
Q
- When a specimen is collected for urgent processing (e.g., CSF for suspected meningitis), which of the following steps should be followed?
a) The specimen should be stored in a refrigerator until ready for processing
b) The laboratory should be informed so that the specimen can be processed promptly
c) The specimen should be cultured before any antibiotics are given
d) The specimen should be sent with routine processing documentation
A
B
19
Q
- In which situation is it crucial to avoid administering antibiotics before specimen collection?
a) When testing for viruses
b) When testing for blood-borne infections
c) When testing for bacterial infections to ensure accurate pathogen identification
d) When testing for parasitic infections
A
C
20
Q
- What is the role of microscopy in diagnosing bacterial infections like tuberculosis?
a) To detect the presence of bacterial antigens in blood samples
b) To identify bacterial colonies on agar plates
c) To visually identify the bacteria directly in clinical specimens, often after staining
d) To detect the genetic material of the pathogen
A
C
