3D Genome Organization

Question 1

DNA or RNA, (could be single stranded or double stranded)

Answer 1

Viral Genomes

Question 2

ds DNA genome; ONE circular chromosome per cell. Large blue circle folds inward to create loops, attached to the central core. Each loop is a functional domain

Answer 2

Bacterial Genomes

Question 3

DNA double helix coils itself around a spherical ___ protein cluster

Answer 3

Histone

Question 4

DNA wrapped around a Histone Octamer

Answer 4

Nucleosome

Question 5

___ is not compacted/condensed. Contained within the confines of nuclear membrane

Answer 5

Chromatin

Question 6

Fully compacted chromatin. Greatest level of compaction is at Metaphase

Answer 6

Chromosome

Question 7

Absorbs less stain during interphase, more during mitosis. Genes are fully decondensed, because they are being transcribed (coding for a necessary molecule)

Answer 7

Euchromatin

Question 8

Absorbs more stain than euchromatin, never fully fades or stops absorbing. Genes are being transcribed les, so the DNA does not need to be fully decondensed

Answer 8

Heterchromatin

Question 9

Chromosome banding sketch

Answer 9

Ideogram

Question 10

Segments of chromosomes that are present once (or a very small number of times within a genome). Closely correlates euchromatin

Answer 10

Unique sequences

Question 11

Segments of chromosomes that are found several times within an individual genome (50 copies, 100 copies)

Answer 11

Moderately repeated sequences

Question 12

Segments of chromosome that are repeated several hundred times (up to million times). Telomeres and Centromeres

Answer 12

Highly Repetitive Sequences

Question 13

Most chromatin fibers are ___

Answer 13

2nm to 30nm

Question 14

Chromosomes are fully compacted chromatin, approx ____ per chromatid

Answer 14

700mn

Question 15

What are the stages of the cell cycle when very de-condensed chromatin fibers are present?

Answer 15

G1, S, G2

Question 16

During chromatin compaction into chromosomes ___ form by attaching to ___ within the ____

Answer 16

Radial loops, nucleosomes, nuclear matrix