3.6.4- Making human resource decisions: improving motivation and engagement Flashcards
3.6 Human resource management
Explain Taylors- scientific management.
- He believed workers would do the minimum amount of work when left to their own device
- He broke the work down into small repetative tasks
- He believed paying workers according to quantity was the most productive way and motivated workers
What is an advantage of Taylors scientific management?
This management would motivate workers and raise productivity, meaning the business will produce more.
What is a disadvantage of Taylors scientific management?
An increase in productivity could lead to a reduction in quality.
Explain Malsows hierachy of needs.
Its a motivational theory comprising of a five-tier model of humans needs which only can be moved up when completed the bottom one
What are the levels of maslows hierachy?
- Self actualisation: meeting potential
- Self-esteem: achievement
- Social needs: Friendship, teamwork
- Safety: Safe work environment
- Basic physical needs: Food, water, shelter, clothes
Explain herzbergs hygiene and motivating factors.
- Herzberg found out what motivated and satisfied employees
- Hygiene factors are good company policy, working conditions, pay. These dont motivate but keep workers satisfied
- Motivating factors are personal achievement, interesting work. These postively motivate workers
What is job design?
It sets out the details of what is to be done and how it is to be done.
What internal factors influence the job design?
- The range and nature of the task
- The speed it needs to be completed in
- The quality required
- The way and order the task needs to be completed
What are the external influences the job design?
- New technology
- Changes to law and legislation
- Customers demand
- Availability of certain skills
What are the financial methods of motivation?
- Piece rate
- Salary schemes
- Commission
- Performance-related pay
What is piece rate pay?
Workers being paid per unit produced.Theres no fixed salary
What are salary schemes?
Workers are paid accordingly to a given time period. Hourly, weekly, annual wage.
What is a commission?
Workers are paid a bonus on top of their salary. Based on sales or units produced.
What is a performance-related pay?
Workers are paid based on their performance or performance of the business. By meeting business targerts. Done in annual appraisals.
Give an advantage and disadvantage piece rate pay.
- Can motivate workers to produce a high quantity of products
- Quality and morale can suffer
Give an advantage and disadvantage commissions.
- Can increace motivation and performance of sales staff
- Can lead to overselling, customers may feel overwhelmed by staff. Business also doesnt know how much labour cost will be
Give an advantage and disadvantage salary schemes.
- Can motivate workers to do the amount of work required
- But workers cannot earn extra money by working harder and producing better quality work
What are the non-financial motivational methods?
- Empowerment
- Team working
- Flexible working
- Job enrichment
- Job rotation
Give an advantage and disadvantage performance-related pay.
- Workers are motivated to meet targets and ensure business meets objectives
- Can lead to demoralisation of staff if only certain people get an increased pay
What is empowerment?
It gives poeple control over their work and a role in decision making. workers can meet to suggest improvements to the busienss
What is team working?
It puts workers into small teams and lets them organise their own work- can lead to job enrichment and empowerment.
What is flexible working?
When working hours and patterns are adapted to siuit the employees.
What is job enrichment?
It gives workers more challenging work, and the training they ened to do. Giving employees more responsibility.
What are the types of felixible working hours?
- Flexi-time
- compressed hours
- Annual hours
- Job-sharing
- Home working
What is job enrichment?
It gives employees more work at the same time.
Give an advantage and disadvantage of flexible working hours.
- It improves motivation so employee productivity should increase
- Home-workers may be easily distracted at home
