3.1.2- Understanding different business forms Flashcards

What is a business?

1
Q

What are the different forms of businesses?

A
  • Sole traders
  • Private limited companies and public limited companies
  • Private sector and public sector organisations
  • Non profit organisations
  • social enterprises
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2
Q

What is a public sector?

A

Businesses owned by the government that provides a service rather than makes a profit. E.g. NHS. Its usually funded by UK tax system

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3
Q

What are private sectors?

A

Businesses owned and run by private individuals. E.g. ASDA. They usually aim to make a profit

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4
Q

What are non-profit organisations?

A

Private sectors that dont make a profit. E.g. charities.

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5
Q

What are the aims and objectives or non-profit businesses?

A

The help people in need or benefit the community. E.g
* Charities like British Red Cross, earn money from donations which is sued to fund activities like setting hospitals in developing countries

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6
Q

What is unlimited liability?

A

When the businesses debts become the personal debts of the owner, they have to use personal assets to pay it off

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7
Q

What is limited liability?

A

The owners arent personally responsible for the debts. They only lose how much they invested into the business

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8
Q

What is a sole trader?

A

A business owned by one person

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9
Q

What are the advantages of being a sole trader?

A
  • Freedom: They have control over decisions
  • Profit: entitled to all the profit made
  • Simplicity; less form-filling than limited companies
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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of a sole trader?

A
  • Risk: theres no one to share responsibilities with
  • Time: Often work long hours to meet tight deadlines
  • Vulnerability: Theres no one to cover if the trader gets ill and cant work
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11
Q

What are some factors about Private limited companies (LTDs)?

A
  • Cant sell shares to the public, people in company own them
  • Dont have share prices quoted on stock exchanges
  • Shareholders may be unable to sell shares w/out agreement of other shareholders.
  • Often small family businesses
  • No minimum share capital requirement
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12
Q

What are some factors of a public limited company (PLC)?

A
  • Can sell shares to public, issue a prospectus to inform others before they buy
  • Share prices can be quoted on stock exchanges
  • Shares are freely transferable, can be bought or sold
  • Usually start private than go public to raise capital
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13
Q

Who are LTDs run by?

A

Shareholders who are the directors of the business

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14
Q

Who are PLCs run by?

A

Directors. Who are elected to the board by shareholders

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15
Q

What are shares?

A

Shares are sold by the companies to raise money. Ordinary share capital is usually used for long term investment

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16
Q

What are dividends?

A

They are a proportion of profits earned by the company, split and paid to shareholders. Dividends arent always paid out

17
Q

What are shareholders?

A

Anyone who owns at least one share in a company

18
Q

Who are the shareholders in a PLC?

A
  • Idividuals
  • Companies
  • Institutions
19
Q

What are the main factors of shareholders?

A
  • They provide funds for businesses
  • Shareholders with the most shares have the most power
  • Shareholders have a right to receive dividends
  • Shareholders have limited liability
20
Q

Why do shareholders invest in companies?

A
  • To be paid dividends: the more shares a shareholder owns, the bigger the dividends
  • In order to achieve capital gain: Buying shared at a low price, and selling them when share price rises to make profit
  • Some believe in the aims and objectives of the company
21
Q

What factors influence demand and supply (which affects share price)?

A
  • Performance: better performance means a bigger dividends payment. Leading to increase in demand for shares.
  • Economy: With strong economy, people have more money to invest, and confidence they will get a good return, this increases demand and share price.
22
Q

What are the short term impacts of share price changes?

A

Can effect shareholders who want to buy and sell shares for short-term capital gain. If share price increases, shareholders will make money. Decreasing share prices mean a shareholder makes a loss when selling