36 - Rhabdoviridae, Filoviridae

Question 1

Rhabdoviridae

Answer 1

• Morphology:
  
  • -ssRNA virus
  • Non-segmented
  • Ø helical capsid
  • Enveloped
  • Complete virions:
    
    • Bullet shaped
    • Incomplete
    • Truncated
• Resistance: weak
• Biological properties:
  
  • Baltimore V. – viral transcriptase
  • Cell-bound infections
  • CPE: weak – IF is necessary
  • Fish vesiculovirus: thermosensitive, 23°C optimum zoonoses
• Antigenic properties:
  
  • ​Good antigens
  • Cross-reaction within genera
  • Vaccines (eg. rabies)
• Diagnosis:
  
  • ​IF, isolation + IF
  • Experimental infection + IF

Question 2

Rhabdoviridae

List the different generas

Answer 2

• Vesiculovirus genus
• Lyssavirus genus
• Ephemerovirus genus
• Novirhabdovirus genus

Question 3

Rhabdoviridae

Vesiculovirus genus

Answer 3

• Etymologi: vesicula
• Vesicular stomatitis virus
  • Ungulates, humanes
  • America
  • Similar to foot & mouth disease, but infect horses (which foot & mouth disease does not)

Question 4

Rhabdoviridae

Lyssavirus genus

Answer 4

• Etymologi: lyssa: rabies
• Rabies
  • ​Genotypes:
    
    • Lagos bat
    • European bat
    • Australian bat
  • Neuroinvasive → behavior change (CNS), neuron encephalitis
  • Urban rabies: dog → humans
  • Sylvatic rabies: fox, wolf, faccoon, bat (in forest)
  • Accidental hosts: cat, horse, sheep, cattle

Question 5

Rhabdoviridae

Ephemerovirus genus

Answer 5

• Bovine ephemeral fever
  
  • ​Short fever → less milk production
  • Mosquito-transmitted (Africa, Asia, Australia)

Question 6

Rhabdoviridae

Novirhabdovirus genus

Answer 6

• Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia
  
  • ​Trout
  • Europe
• Infectious haemopoetic necrosis
  
  • ​Salmon
  • Europe

Question 7

Filoviridae

Answer 7

• Etymologi: filum: thread
• Morphology:
  
  • ​-ssRNA genome
  • Helical capsid
  • Enveloped
• Resistance: weak
• Biological properties:
  
  • Baltimore V. – viral transcriptase
  • CPE: cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
  • Zoonoses! – bats are reservoirs
  • Mainly in Africa - Ebola
• Antigenic properties:
  
  • Good antigens ⟷ rapid course of lethal disease
  • No cross reactions
• Diagnosis:
  
  • ​Clinical symptoms
  • Isolation: EM, IF

Question 8

Filoviridae

List the different genera

Answer 8

• Ebolavirus genus
• Margurgvirus genus
• Cuevavirus genus

Question 9

Filoviridae

Ebolavirus genus

Answer 9

• Etymologi: ebola: Africal river
• Ebola virus
  • ​Bats infect fruit → apes eat fruit → bush meat
  • Fast infection between humans
  • Severe haemorrhage, encephalitis
  • High mortality (>90%)

Question 10

Filoviridae

Marburgvirus genus

Answer 10

• Etymologi: Marburg: Germany
• Marburg virus
  • ​Monkey → human
  • Fever, meningoencephalitis

Question 11

Filoviridae

Cuevavirus genus

Answer 11

• Etymologi: cueva: cave
• Lloviu virus
  • ​Bat
  • Spain