3.5.3 Review of Anatomy Flashcards
What is the normal angle of the femoral neck?
126 degrees
What are coxa vera and coxa valga?
In regards to femoral neck angle
Coxa vara is less than 126
Coxa valga is greater than 126
How would you describe the hip joint capsule during extension?
Hip joint capsule fibers stay spiral when the joint is extended.
Hip extension is limited by?
The iliofemoral ligament
What does the Tibial/Medial collateral ligament attach to that the fibular/lateral collateral ligament does not?
The MCL attaches to the joint capsule while the LCL does not
Describe the origin and insertion of the ACL and PCL
The curved nature of the distal end of the femur does what to the cruciate ligaments?
The cruciate ligaments become more taught during extension
What the effect of the cruciate ligaments on the leg?
Which meniscus is most likely to tear?
The medial meniscus because it attaches to joint capsule and medial collateral ligament.
What muscles are involved in locking and unlocking the knee?
The popliteus muscles contract to laterally rotate the femoral condyles before flexion
The ankle joint is less stable when? Why?
What ligaments will be strained in the ankle on an inversion injury?
Anterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Posterior talofibular
What ligament of the ankle is injured during an eversion injury?
Deltoid ligament
When the ankle is in this position it is most likely to be injured.
Plantar flexion
Describe the difference between grade 1, 2, and 3 ankle sprains.
Compare a lateral ankle sprain to a medial ankle sprain.
What is a Jone’s fracture?
Proximal end of 5th metatarsal bone of foot.
Describe the Jones Classification
What is a high ankle sprain?
What is club foot?
Where is the L1 dermatome?
Inguinal ligament
Where is the L4 dermatome?
Patella and medial mallelous
Where is the L5 dermatome?
Dorsum of the foot
Where is the S1 dermatome?
Lateral mallelous and lateral back of thigh an calf
Where is the S2 dermatome?
Medial and back of calf and thigh
What myotomes are involved in Flexion of the thigh?
L2 and L3
What myotomes are involved in Extension of the thigh?
L4 and L5
What myotomes are involved in Extension of the knee?
L3 and L4
What myotomes are involved in Flexion of the knee?
L5 and S1
What myotomes are involved in dorsiflexion?
L4 and L5
What myotomes are involved in plantarflexion?
S1 and S2
What myotomes are involved in inversion of the foot?
L4
What myotomes are involved in eversion of the foot?
L5 and S1
What is the covered part?
Oblique popliteal ligament
During extension of the knee what ligaments are tight?
LCL and MCL
ACL and PCL
If you cannot find a vein in a person with severe dehydration what is an option?
Intraosseous fluids
What is the main muscle, root and nerve involved in shoulder abduction?
Deltoid
C5
Axillary
What is the main muscle, root and nerve involved in elbow extension?
Tricep
C7
Radial Nerve
What is the main muscle, root and nerve involved in elbow flexion?
Biceps
C6
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the main muscle, root and nerve involved in wrist extension?
Extensor carpi ulnaris
C7
Radial nerve
What is the main muscle, root and nerve involved in finger extension?
Extensor digitorum
C7
Posterior interosseus nerve off of radial
What limits the medial rotation of the knee to about 10 degrees?
