1.4.3 Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh Flashcards
ID
Iliotibial tract
What is the anatomical position of the pelvis?
The anterior superior illiac spine and pubic tubercle run along the vertical line of gravity
What is the deep fascia of the thigh called?
“Fascia lata”
What are the four muscles of the superficial layer of the gluteal region?
Gluteus maximus/medius/minimus and tensor fascia lata
-all work to resist gravity
Name these muscles
What innervates the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal
What are the origins and insertions of the gluteus maximus?
O: dorsal sacroilliac and sacrotuberous ligaments and the ilium
I: iliotibial track and gluteal tuberosity on femur
What are the three important gluteal bursae?
Trochanteric - b/t glut max and greater trochanter
Ischial - b/t ischial tuberosity and skin when sitting
Gluteofemoral - b/t iliotibial track and vastus lateralis
What is the origin and insertion of gluteus medius and minimus?
O: postero-lateral surface of ilium
I: lateral surface of greater trochanter
What is the innervation of the gluteus medius and minimus?
Superior gluteal n.
What functions are mediated by the gluteus medius and minimus?
Abducts and medially rotates the thigh
What does the the gluteus medius/minimus do for gait.
Isometric contraction prevents “pelvic drop”
What innervates the tensor fascia lata?
Superior gluteal nerve
What innervates the piriformis?
L5, S1, and S2
What is the origin and insertion of the piriformis?
What are the 4 small lateral rotators?
Superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris
Where do all three “hamstring” muscles originate?
Ischial tuberosity (pelvis)
-plus a biceps femoris short head on the femur
What is the role of the hamstrings in the movement of the thigh and leg?
Extend thigh, flex leg (not simultaneously)
What innervates the “hamstrings”? What is the exception?
The tibial n.
Exception: short head of biceps femoris via common fibular n.
What is the order of the hamstrings across the back of the thigh?
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris
ID these muscles?
- biceps femoris
- semimembranosus
- semitendinosus
What muscle runs b/t the superior and inferior gluteal artery?
Piriformis
What branches off of the internal iliac feed the gluteal region?
Superior/inferior gluteal artery and internal pudendal
Is there a big artery of the posterior thigh?
NO
Where do anastomoses b/t internal and external iliac arteries occur?
Inferior gluteal artery branches (internal) and femoral artery branches (external)
These provide generous tributaries to the hip joint
What two separate nerves form the sciatic nerve (never exchange fibers)?
Tibial and common fibular n.
Which nerve is responsible for the navy blue dermatome?
The posterior femoral cutaneous n. (S1-3)
What could an injury to the superior gluteal nerve cause?
What two syndromes are associated with injuries to the sciatic nerve?
