3.5 Infections in Immunocompromised hosts

Question 1

What are the physiologic causes of immunocomprimise?

Answer 1

Very young
Pregnant
Very old

Question 2

What are the macroscopic barriers to immunodeficiency and what breaches them?

Answer 2

Skin - surgical wounds, eczema
Mucous membranes - mucositis
Foreign materials - Catheters

Question 3

What are the surface barriers in the body?

Answer 3

Stomach acid 
Mucociliary elevator in lungs 
Normal flora in genital tract 
Bile acid in GI tract 
Tears in eyes 
Acids and desquamation in skin

Question 4

What cells are involved in extracellular bacteria infection?

Answer 4

Phagocytes, B cells > CD4 T cells

Question 5

What cells are involved in Viral infections?

Answer 5

CD8 T cells > NK cells&raquo_space; CD4 t cells, B cells and phagocytes

Question 6

What cells are involved in fungal infections?

Answer 6

Phagocytes > CD4 T cells&raquo_space; B cells

Question 7

What cells are involved in intracellular bacterial infections?

Answer 7

Phagocytes and CD4 T cells

Question 8

What are the bacterial intracellular pathogens?

Answer 8

Salmonella, listeria, Nocardia, Legionella, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma

Most facultative

Question 9

what are the fungal, viral and parasite intracellular pathogens?

Answer 9

Fungal: cryptotoccus, pneumocystis

Viral: Herpes

Parasite: Toxoplasma

Question 10

What are the three factors of diagnosing an infection?

Answer 10

HOST EXPOSURE SYNDROME