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Block 5 > 3.1 Introduction to lymphoproliferative disorders > Flashcards

3.1 Introduction to lymphoproliferative disorders Flashcards

1
Q

define lymphoma

A

heterogenous group of disorders originating from lymphoid cells in primary or secondary lymphoid organs

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2
Q

What are the primary lymphoid organs?

A

Bone marrow and thymus

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3
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid organs?

A

lymph nodes, spleen, mucosa associated lymphoid tissue

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4
Q

What is the more common lymphoma?

A

Non-hodgkin

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5
Q

What age gets Non-hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma?

A

Non: incidence increases with age
Hodgkins: bimodal (young adults and elderly)

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6
Q

What is the characterising factors of Hodgkin lymphoma?

A

Reed Sternberg cells

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7
Q

What are the pre germinal centre lymphomas?

A

Mantle cell
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Small lymphocytic leukaemia

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8
Q

What are the germinal centre lymphomas?

A

Burkitt
Germinal centre B like Diffuse large B cell
Follicular lymphoma
Marginal zone

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9
Q

What are the post germinal centre lymphomas?

A

CLL, SLL
ABC diffuse large B cell
Multiple myeloma

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10
Q

What results from the chromosomal translocations

t(8;14) t(14;18) t(11;14)

A

Burkitt
B Cell Lymphoma 2
Mantle cell

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11
Q

What is the histological diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma?

A

Size: small vs large cell
Architecture: diffuse vs. follicular
Identifying features: Reed Sternberg cells (owl eyes)

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12
Q

Is lymphoma monoclonal or polyclonal?

A

Monoclonal

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13
Q

What is monoclonal?

A

All cells from one parent cell - all cells will express the same light chain (kappa of lambda)

Normal lymphocytes develop from different maturing B cells so will be polyclonal - monoclonality indicates lymphoma

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14
Q

Explain flow cytometry

A

Fluorescent dyes are attached to monoclonal antibodies and the patterns of expression will correlate to certain types of lymphomas - ONLY FOR B CELL LYMPHOMA

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15
Q

What markers will you see for pre germinal centre lymphoma?

A

CD5 positve

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16
Q

What markers will you see for post germinal centre lymphomas?

A

CD5 and 10 NEGATIVE

17
Q

What will you have if it is CD10 positive?

A

Follicular lymphoma

18
Q

What are the methods used to detect clonality?

A 
Flow cytometry (B cells) 
Immunohistochemistry 
Molecular studies 
TCR gene rearrangement (T cells)
Cytogenetics 
FISH

Block 5 (35 decks)

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